INSTRUMENTAL CULTURAL POLICIES: CAUSES, CONSEQUENCES AND MUSEUMS Clive Gray Reader in Cultural Policy De Montfort University

Instrumentality in the Museums and Galleries Sector MLA – ‘Strategic Priorities’ Local Government – KLOE

Defining Instrumentality Using culture as a means or instrument for attaining goals in non-cultural areas What sort of instrumentality?

Sources of Instrumentalisation Privatisation/Commodification State Change – NPM Intended/Unintended consequences Performance Measurement

Problems of Managing Cultural Policy Definition Causality Measurement Attribution Sectoral

Sector Specificity Governmental Action – Hands-On Arm’s-Length Disengaged Political Support – or the Lack of it Organisational Fragmentation; Geographic Scale; Reactive; Lack of Definition

Explaining Instrumentality Exogenous Factors: Effects of Commodification Effects of State Change Endogenous Factors: Attachment Strategies Internal Change Policy Choice and Management

And the answer is … Instrumentality as conscious policy? Instrumentality as consequential effect? Managing the process Assessing the results