1/7/15 Objective: Who was Gregor Mendel and what were his contributions to genetics? Do Now: What is a trait?

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Presentation transcript:

1/7/15 Objective: Who was Gregor Mendel and what were his contributions to genetics? Do Now: What is a trait?

Blending Hypothesis -A hypothesis to explain inheritance What color flower might you expect to get if you crossed a red and yellow flowered plant? -Blending of parental traits

Gregor Mendel -The first scientist to experiment with inheritance Genetics: the study of heredity

Particulate Hypothesis -Parents pass on to their offspring separate and distinct factors (genes) responsible for inherited traits

Pure-breeding -true-breeding (purple flowers produce purple flowers)

Hybrids -The offspring of 2 different true breeding varieties (ex: a purple and a white flower)

Parental plants = p generation Hybrid offspring are called the: First filial = F1 generation When the F1 plants self-fertilize or fertilize each other they are the Second filial = F2 generation

Alleles -alternative forms of genes (ex: purple flower or white flower) -- 2 alleles for the gene, one from each parent Homozygous: an individual with two of the SAME alleles Heterozygous: an individual with two DIFFERENT alleles

Dominant: A trait that will appear in the offspring if one parent contributes it, capital letter (B= Brown eyes) Recessive: a trait that must be contributed by both parents in order to appear in the offspring, lower case letter (b= blue eyes)

Crossing 2 parent plants that differ in only one character (trait)