TROOP LEADING PROCEDURES                     TROOP LEADING PROCEDURES                                                             

TROOP LEADING PROCEDURES ACTION: Demonstrate an understanding of basic U.S. Army Doctrine and the Troop Leading Procedures IAW FM 7-8. CONDITIONS: Given FM 7-8, FM 7-10, FM 3-0, FM 101-5-1, several periods of instruction, various training aids, and an example company operations order in a classroom environment. STANDARDS: Student scores at least 70% (60% for ISTD) on a written exam and receives a “GO” rating on a written assignment (paragraphs I – II and Timeline of a platoon operations order).

AGENDA Review Day 2 Student Briefings (Enemy) Completion of Mission Analysis (MTETT-C) Steps 4-8 of TLPs Q/A and TTPs Homework Begin teach on Mission Analysis (MTETT-C), focusing on Receive the Mission and Terrain Analysis. Have PE(s) for time, mission, and terrain

Troop Leading Procedures 1. Receive Mission 2. Issue the Warning Order 3. Make a Tentative Plan 4. Initiate Movement 5. Conduct Reconnaissance 6. Complete the Plan 7. Issue the Order 8. Supervise Discuss the 8 steps of the TLPs in sequence, but make clear that the sequence is not concrete. These procedures are the foundations for how Army Leaders plan military operations

MTETT-C (Mission Analysis) 3. Make a Tentative Plan MTETT-C (Mission Analysis) M ISSION T ERRAIN AND WEATHER E NEMY SITUATION T ROOPS/RESOURCES AVAILABLE T IME AVAILABLE C IVIL CONSIDERATIONS Discuss how the acronym MTETT-C is just a pneumonic device for memory and not a sequence. Guides the platoon leader through the analysis phase of the decision making process Talk about how the “M” in MTETT-C differs from the initial mission analysis done in step 1 of the TLPs Talk about how the first “T” in MTETT-C differs from the initial time analysis done in step 1 of the TLPs 1 of 5

3. Make a Tentative Plan 1 of 5 Discuss how the acronym MTETT-C is just a pneumonic device for memory and not a sequence. Guides the platoon leader through the analysis phase of the decision making process Talk about how the “M” in MTETT-C differs from the initial mission analysis done in step 1 of the TLPs Talk about how the first “T” in MTETT-C differs from the initial time analysis done in step 1 of the TLPs 1 of 5

Troops Available Task organization - current & changes Available resources, assets, and weapon systems Current location / disposition Personnel & equipment shortages or weaknesses Logistical status Morale, experience, leadership 2 of 5 FM 7-10 pgs 2-24

Light Infantry Platoon

Mechanized Infantry Platoon PLT LDR (O2/M4) BFV GNR (E5/M16) BFV DVR (E4/M16) ALT GNR (E4/M16) RTO (E3/M4) SEC LDR (E6/M16) BFV GNR (E4/M16) BFV DVR (E4/M16) SEC LDR (E6/M16) BFV GNR (E4/M16) BFV DVR (E4/M16) PLT SGT (E7/M16) BFV GNR (E5/M16) BFV DVR (E4/M16) SQD LDR (E6/M16*) TM LDR (E5/M16*) AUTO RFL (E4/M249) GREN (E4/M203) RFL (E3/M16) AA SPC (E4/AAWS-M/M16) SQD LDR (E6/M16*) TM LDR (E5/M16*) AUTO RFL (E4/M249) GREN (E4/M203) RFL (E3/M16) AA SPC (E4/AAWS-M/M16) SQD LDR (E6/M16*) TM LDR (E5/M16*) AUTO RFL (E4/M249) GREN (E4/M203) RFL (E3/M16) AA SPC (E4/AAWS-M/M16) CBT MED (M16) * M16 or M203, based on unit distribution; normally 3 x M203s Per Sqd

Stryker Platoon

3. Make a Tentative Plan 1 of 5 Discuss how the acronym MTETT-C is just a pneumonic device for memory and not a sequence. Guides the platoon leader through the analysis phase of the decision making process Talk about how the “M” in MTETT-C differs from the initial mission analysis done in step 1 of the TLPs Talk about how the first “T” in MTETT-C differs from the initial time analysis done in step 1 of the TLPs 1 of 5

MTETT-C (Mission Analysis) 3. Make a Tentative Plan MTETT-C (Mission Analysis) M ISSION T ERRAIN AND WEATHER E NEMY SITUATION T ROOPS/RESOURCES AVAILABLE T IME AVAILABLE C IVIL CONSIDERATIONS Discuss how the acronym MTETT-C is just a pneumonic device for memory and not a sequence. Guides the platoon leader through the analysis phase of the decision making process Talk about how the “M” in MTETT-C differs from the initial mission analysis done in step 1 of the TLPs Talk about how the first “T” in MTETT-C differs from the initial time analysis done in step 1 of the TLPs 1 of 3

Time Analysis GOAL is to determine the useable time available to both you and your subordinates. Consider Critical Times such as: - LD - ASSAULT NET/NLT - DEFEND NLT - HIGHER REHEARSAL - RECON - BEGIN/CONDUCT MVT. - LIMITED VISIBILITY - ETC… 2 of 3 FM 7-10 pgs 2-22 - 2-24

Time Analysis Space is considered -- arrangement of events and activities in time/space on the battlefield Backwards Planning Process 1/3 - 2/3 Rule (1/5 – 4/5 Guideline) This allows for good parallel planning Helps to develop planning timeline Use of planning timelines/SOPs 3 of 3

MTETT-C (Mission Analysis) 3. Make a Tentative Plan MTETT-C (Mission Analysis) M ISSION T ERRAIN AND WEATHER E NEMY SITUATION T ROOPS/RESOURCES AVAILABLE T IME AVAILABLE C IVIL CONSIDERATIONS Discuss how the acronym MTETT-C is just a pneumonic device for memory and not a sequence. Guides the platoon leader through the analysis phase of the decision making process Talk about how the “M” in MTETT-C differs from the initial mission analysis done in step 1 of the TLPs Talk about how the first “T” in MTETT-C differs from the initial time analysis done in step 1 of the TLPs 1 of 2

Civil Considerations Civilian Population Culture Organizations (NGOs, Government, etc.) Leadership (Military, Governmental) Media!! 2 of 2

MISSION ANALYSIS WRAP-UP Analysis of Mission-begins upon new mission Purpose of your mission Task - specified, implied, essential Constraints Restated Mission - who, what (task), when, where, why (purpose), type of operation Terrain & Weather Analysis - significant conclusions of effects on enemy/friendly Enemy Analysis - develop SITTEMP and para 1A (Enemy Situation) Troop Analysis-available assets, combat power Time Analysis-planning timeline, execution Civil Consideration Risk assessment Course of Action Development Analyze Relative Combat Power - determine TTPs, helps confirm/deny decisive point Generate Options Array Initial Forces (Task Organize) Develop Scheme of Maneuver (Actions On Objective) Assign Headquarters Prepare COA Statement and Sketch (Sandtable) Analysis of COA Hasty Wargame (mentally fight your plan from start to finish) Course of Action Comparison - only if time allowed for developing more than 1 Course of Action Selection - only if developed more than 1 *Issue additional WARNO if required M T E T T C Troop Leading Procedures STEPS 1. Receive Mission 2. Issue Warning Order 3. Make a Tentative Plan 4. Initiate Movement 5. Conduct Recon 6. Complete Plan 7. Issue OPORD 8. Supervise Mission/intent 1 and 2 levels up Concept 1 and 2 levels up DECISION MAKING PROCESS AT PLT/COMPANY LEVEL

MISSION ANALYSIS WRAP-UP MTETT-C (Mission Analysis) is never complete. As the situation on the battlefield develops, so does your analysis.

Troop Leading Procedures 1. Receive Mission 2. Issue the Warning Order 3. Make a Tentative Plan 4. Initiate Movement 5. Conduct Reconnaissance 6. Complete the Plan 7. Issue the Order 8. Supervise Discuss the 8 steps of the TLPs in sequence, but make clear that the sequence is not concrete. These procedures are the foundations for how Army Leaders plan military operations

4. Initiate Movement Recon Link up operations Movement into defensive sector Repositioning for truck, air movement Changes to task organization (attachments/detachments) 1 of 1 FM 7-8 pgs 2-9 – 2-10

5. Conduct Reconnaissance Used to confirm or deny assumptions about the enemy and the terrain. Also helps leaders visualize the operation. - physical recon (leader’s recon) - map recon - video, photo, intel assets Never go anywhere for the first time! 1 of 1 FM 7-8 pgs 2-9 – 2-10

6. Complete the Plan The platoon leader expands his COA into a complete OPORD and includes: Graphics/overlays (enemy, maneuver, fires, terrain, etc.) terrain model and/or sketch fire support plan CSS and C2 requirements final coordination with adjacent units 1 of 1 FM 7-8 pgs 2-9 – 2-10

7. Issue the Order Using the five paragraph format, the platoon leader concisely and precisely explains how the platoon will accomplish its assigned mission. Subordinates share the PL’s vision (Mission, Key Tasks, Concept) Understand how all elements work together (Scheme of Maneuver) Walk away with a clear understanding of what has to happen (Understand Task, Purpose, Key Tasks to subordinates, Decisive Point, Endstate) FM 7-8 pgs 2-9 – 2-10

Warning Order Designed to give advanced notice of operations to come and time to initially prepare Provides as much information as possible to allow subordinates to begin parallel planning and preparation Do not sacrifice time to gain more info May give more than one (update as necessary) 2 of 10 FM 7-8 pgs 2-4 – 2-7 FM 7-10, pg G-1

“No plan survives first contact with the enemy” Fragmentary Order “No plan survives first contact with the enemy” VON MOLTKE Provides timely changes to existing orders Used to supplement orders while operations are in progress Only changes to initial OPORD are sent Follows 5-paragraph OPORD format FM 7-10, pg G-4: Fragmentary Orders These provide timely changes to existing orders. Elements nromally found in a complete order may be omitted when these elements have not changed, when they might delay transmission, or when they are unavailable or incomplete at the time of issue. Fragmentary orders are normally used to issue supplemental instructions or changes to a current OPORD while the operation is in progress. 3 of 10 FM 7-8 pgs 2-22 FM 7-10, pg G-4

Operations Order Relays necessary info to subordinates to carry out an operation Common 5 paragraph format Common tactical language (FM 101-5-1) Oral and /or written FM 7-10, pg G-2: Operations Order An OPORD gives the subordinate leaders the essential information needed to carry out an operation. OPORDs use a five-paragraph format to organize and ensure completeness. They also help subordinate leaders understand and follow the order. Use a terrain model or sketh along with a map to explain the order. The order should be given while observing the objective area. 4 of 10 FM 7-8 pgs 2-10 – 2-22 FM 7-10, p. G2

OPORD Characteristics Good Combat Orders . . . Have Clarity Are Complete and Brief Are Timely Allow Initiative by recognizing subordinates freedom of action within the PLs concept Use affirmative form and are authoritative FM 7-8 pgs 2-10 – 2-22 FM 71-1, pg 2-36

Issue the Order Can be issued either orally or written Issue while observing the combat area if possible Possible aids that can be utilized Terrain models Map boards Sketches FM 7-8. pg **: Issue the Order Issue the Complete Order. Platoon and squad leaders normally issue oral operations orders. (1) To aid subordinates in understanding the concept for the mission, leaders should issue the order within sight of the objective or on the defensive terrain. When this is not possible, they should use a terrain model or sketch. (2) Leaders must ensure that subordinates understand the mission, the commander's intent, the concept of the operation, and their assigned tasks. Leaders may require subordinates to repeat all of part of the order or demonstrate on the model or sketch, their understanding of the operation. They should also quiz their soldiers to ensure that all soldiers understand the mission. provides a list of questions that leaders can ask to determine if the soldiers understand the mission 6 of 10 FM 7-8 pgs 2-9 – 2-10 FM 7-8, pg 2-9

OPORD Techniques Terrain model vs. concept sketch Key leaders vs. entire platoon Delivery responsibilities: PSG briefs paragraph IV RTO briefs paragraph V Delivery techniques: 3x5 cards OPORD shell Map board 10 of 10

8. Supervise Rehearsals Inspections 1 of 1 battle drills actions on the objective breaching special teams Inspections weapons and ammunition packing list/ soldier’s load mission essential equipment brief-backs 1 of 1 FM 7-8 pgs 2-10

Summary Completion of Mission Analysis (MTETT-C) TLP steps 4-8 Initiate movement Recon Complete Plan Issue OPORD Supervise OPORD techniques Q/A and TTPs

HOMEWORK Revise/correct WARNO, analysis of mission worksheet, and Tx/Wx products Revise/correct enemy analysis and SITTEMP (on blowup) Have Tx/Wx and Paragraphs 1 and 2 done in their entirety Finalize planning timeline (separate from WARNO timeline!) All homework will be typed!! Due Monday 24JAN05 at first formation