Theodore Roosevelt & the Progressives TR’s First Term Social Reforms TR’s Second Term

Progressive Movement (p.657) Not Radical Reform, preserve the system Not Radical Reform, preserve the system –But solve problems of industrialization Optimistic about improving life: progress Optimistic about improving life: progress Problems: big business, labor, social welfare, the city, consumer protection Problems: big business, labor, social welfare, the city, consumer protection Social science expert: “investigate, educate, and legislate.” Use gov power to reform. Social science expert: “investigate, educate, and legislate.” Use gov power to reform. The community over the individual The community over the individual Paternalistic, social purity (Protestant roots) Paternalistic, social purity (Protestant roots) Change environment-change individual Change environment-change individual

TR’s First Term: McKinley’s Assassination: TR only 42 McKinley’s Assassination: TR only 42 TR’s background: TR’s background: Changed the Presidency: Bully Pulpit, Changed the Presidency: Bully Pulpit, –Increased power & influence of executive Booker T Washington visits White House Booker T Washington visits White House “Trust Buster:” Good & Bad Trusts; ICC & “Trust Buster:” Good & Bad Trusts; ICC & –Antitrust; Northern Securities, Standard Oil busted up Coal Strike 1902: negotiates, threatens, resolves Coal Strike 1902: negotiates, threatens, resolves “Square Deal:” Gov. intermediary between “Square Deal:” Gov. intermediary between –Business and unions; protect Individual

1904 Campaign Buttons

Roosevelt Family

TR with John Muir in Yosemite

Social Reforms: Women Women active; form (professional) groups Women active; form (professional) groups –Women can purify, uplift the nation (p.660) Social Justice Movement: social workers Social Justice Movement: social workers Woman’s Suffrage: 19 th Amendment 1920 Woman’s Suffrage: 19 th Amendment 1920 –National American Woman’s Suffrage Ass. Temperance: 18 th Amendment 1919 Temperance: 18 th Amendment 1919 –Woman’s Christian Temperance Union Prostitution: Mann Act Prostitution: Mann Act Woman’s Labor: Muller v. Oregon Woman’s Labor: Muller v. Oregon –Louis Brandies

Patent Medicines

TR’s Second Term: TR wins reelection against Parker & Debbs TR wins reelection against Parker & Debbs Brownsville Riots: TR discharges blacks Brownsville Riots: TR discharges blacks Railroad Regulation: ICC strengthened Elkins Act, Hepburn Act of 1906 Railroad Regulation: ICC strengthened Elkins Act, Hepburn Act of 1906 The Jungle: Meat Inspection Act The Jungle: Meat Inspection Act Food and Drug Administration: Food and Drug Administration: –Samuel Hopkins Adams Conservation: national forests, John Muir, Conservation: national forests, John Muir, –TR raises national preserves to 190 m acres –Created 5 national parks