1 Psychology 320: Psychology of Gender and Sex Differences April 2 Lecture 63

2 1. Paper: Topic due date: March 17 (Option A or B, 3-5 sentence summary; to your TA for approval). Paper due date: April 4 (note the extended due date). Questions? Reminders

3 2. Please complete your evaluation for this course. Your evaluation will be anonymous and secure. 3 To date, 17% of students have completed the evaluation. (Goal: 60% completion rate!)

A little R&R …. (Review and Reflect) 4

5 Exploitation, Oppression, and Violence 1.What forms of exploitation, oppression, and violence occur within and beyond Canada’s borders?

6 2. discuss global efforts (“grass roots” and legal) to eliminate gender-based exploitation, oppression, and violence. 1. generate global examples of gender-based exploitation, oppression, and violence. By the end of today’s class, you should be able to:

7 What forms of exploitation, oppression, and violence occur within and beyond Canada’s borders? What are some examples of gender-based exploitation, oppression, and violence?

8 Cameroon: Approximately one-quarter of girls and women have been subject to “breast ironing” (Tapscott, 2012). Afghanistan: 400 females are currently imprisoned for “moral crimes” (i.e., refusing marriage, fleeing spousal assault; BBC News, 2012).

9 Breast Ironing

10 Canada: Domestic sex trafficking of aboriginal females is an increasing problem (Arthur, 2009). With respect to international sex trafficking, RCMP estimates suggest that individuals are smuggled into Canada each year (Arthur, 2009). 600, ,000 people are trafficked across international borders each year; conservative estimates indicate that 3 million females are currently enslaved in the sex trade (Kristof & WuDunn, 2009).

11 China: The sex ratio is “abnormal”: Among children aged 0-4, there are 120 boys for every 100 girls. The high male-to-female ratio is the result of sex-selective abortion, female infanticide, and neglect of young girls (Banister, 2004).

12 2. discuss global efforts (“grass roots” and legal) to eliminate gender-based exploitation, oppression, and violence. 1. generate global examples of gender-based exploitation, oppression, and violence. By the end of today’s class, you should be able to: