Unit 3: Animal Anatomy and physiology

Digestive Respiratory 3.1 Organ Systems Circulatory / Cardiovascular The human body is structured into systems. What systems can you think of? Circulatory / Cardiovascular Digestive Respiratory

3.1 Organ Systems

Systems made up of cells similar in shape and function that work together are called? Tissues Organs Organ systems When different type of tissues form and work together, they are called? Organs with related functions (physiology) or structures(anatomy) working together are called?

3.3 Control and Coordination: The Central Nervous and endocrine systems

Basic Structure of a Neuron

Homeostasis Homios : same Stasis: standing still Homeostasis: The maintance of a healthy balance of all chemical reactions in an organism. What 2 organ systems are primarily responsible for maintaining homeostasis? Nervous system and Endocrine system How do our bodies create homeostasis? Respond to change in numerous ways…

Environment Internal environment: everything inside an organisms body External environment: everything outside an organisms body

Normal ranges pH- 7.35- 7.45 Heart Rate (HR) - 72 beats per minute or (50 – 100) Breathing Rate – 16 – 20 breaths per min Body temperature – 36.2 – 37.5 degrees Celsius Body is exposed to cold – below 36.2 - Shiver - decrease blood flow to extremities - increase HR Body temperature above 37.2 - increase blood flow - relax muscles - increase perspiration

Check your HR and BR Take HR for 15 sec – multiply by 4 Average – 13 - 22 Take BR for 30 sec – multiply by 2 Average 8 - 10 Temperature from Fahrenheit to Celsius 93.2 - 34 95 - 35 96.8 - 36 98.6 - 37 100.4 - 38 102.2 - 39

Homeostasis

Exercise, Meals and Sleep: Effects on the Body

Endocrine System Endocrine System: Organ system that regulates internal environmental conditions by secreting hormones into the bloodstream. Special chemicals called hormones play a major role in homeostasis: Regulate and coordinate functions of organ systems Hormone: a compound released by one type of cell that has an effect on other cells of the body Glands: an organ that secretes hormones

Hormones secreted in the bloodstream reach all cells they only affect target cells