Scientific Inquiry & Design Scientific Method Earth Science Intro Unit

I will be able to describe what science is and the 3 main types of science. What is Science? The step by step study of natural events and condition. 1.Anything in living or nonliving world 2.Scientific knowledge is always changing 3.Ideas must be: a. Testable, b. Reproducible c. Shared

3 Main Areas of Science What is Science? Life Science Earth Science I will be able to describe what science is and the 3 main types of science. What is Science? 3 Main Areas of Science Life Science Biology Living Things Earth Science Study of the Earth Geology Physical Science Physics Chemistry

What are Characteristics of a Good Scientist? I will be able to list and describe six characteristics of a good scientist. What are Characteristics of a Good Scientist? 6 Characteristics 1.Careful observations 2.Curiosity 3.Creativity

What are Characteristics of a Good Scientist? I will be able to list and describe six characteristics of a good scientist. What are Characteristics of a Good Scientist? 6 Characteristics 4. Logic 5. Skepticism You don’t accept everything you hear or read immediately 6. Objectivity Set aside your personal feelings, moods and beliefs

What are the parts of a scientific investigation? I will be able to list and describe the main parts of a scientific investigation. What are the parts of a scientific investigation? Scientific Investigations With the Scientific Method Problem Hypothesis Experiment An organized procedure to study something under controlled conditions. Analysis Conclusion

What are the parts of a scientific investigation? I will be able to list and describe the main parts of a scientific investigation. What are the parts of a scientific investigation? Problem a. A specific question to be answered b. Can be investigated Example: Does plant food affect the growth of a flower ?

What are the parts of a scientific investigation? I will be able to list and describe the main parts of a scientific investigation. What are the parts of a scientific investigation? 2. Hypothesis A testable idea or explanation. Leads to an investigation. Must be testable If……. then statement Ex: If the plants get plant food then they will grow bigger.

What are the parts of a scientific investigation? I will be able to list and describe the main parts of a scientific investigation. What are the parts of a scientific investigation? 3. Writing a procedure a. Numbered steps b. Start with a verb. Examples: 1. Drop ball 2. Measure bounce height. c. Determine equipment needed.

What are the parts of a scientific investigation? I will be able to list and describe the main parts of a scientific investigation. What are the parts of a scientific investigation? 4. Identify Variables a. Independent variable 1.Factor that is deliberately changed. 2.Should be identified in the hypothesis. Example: If plants were given plant food…….

What are the parts of a scientific investigation? I will be able to list and describe the main parts of a scientific investigation. What are the parts of a scientific investigation? b. Dependent variable 1.Changes as a result of the independent variable. 2.Depends on the independent variable. 3.It is measured. Example: Growth Height

What are the parts of a scientific investigation? I will be able to list and describe the main parts of a scientific investigation. What are the parts of a scientific investigation? 5. Constants Variables that will be kept the same. Amount of Sunlight Amount of Water Same type of plant.

What are the parts of a scientific investigation? I will be able to list and describe the main parts of a scientific investigation. What are the parts of a scientific investigation? 6. Control Group a. Serves as a comparison for the scientist. Shows that the independent variable caused the change. b. Does not receive the independent variable. A group with no plant food.

What are the parts of a scientific investigation? I will be able to list and describe the main parts of a scientific investigation. What are the parts of a scientific investigation? Data Information gathered by observation or experimentation. Used in calculating or reasoning. Gathered through the senses or instruments. All observations are recorded. Analyzed to draw conclusions.

What are the parts of a scientific investigation? I will be able to list and describe the main parts of a scientific investigation. What are the parts of a scientific investigation? 8. Observations Process of obtaining information using your senses a. Qualitative b. Quantitative

What are the parts of a scientific investigation? I will be able to list and describe the main parts of a scientific investigation. What are the parts of a scientific investigation? a. Qualitative Observations 1.Qualitative  Quality 2.Deals with descriptions. 3.Data can be observed but not measured. Examples: Colors Textures Smells Tastes Appearance Beauty, etc.

What are the parts of a scientific investigation? I will be able to list and describe the main parts of a scientific investigation. What are the parts of a scientific investigation? b. Quantitative Observations 1.Quantitative  Quantity 2.Deals with numbers 3.Data can be measured Examples: Length Time Temperature Height Area Volume Weight Speed

What are the parts of a scientific investigation? I will be able to list and describe the main parts of a scientific investigation. What are the parts of a scientific investigation? 9. Inferences An interpretation based on previous knowledge. Examples The dog is barking, there must be someone at the door. The sky is blue, it won’t rain today.

What are the parts of a scientific investigation? I will be able to list and describe the main parts of a scientific investigation. What are the parts of a scientific investigation? 10.Collecting and Organizing Data 1.Data must be recorded. 2. Ways to Organize Data: a. Tables b. Graphs c. Spreadsheets

What are the parts of a scientific investigation? I will be able to list and describe the main parts of a scientific investigation. What are the parts of a scientific investigation? Data Table: Create a row for independent variable. Label (units) Create columns for dependent variable. Don’t forget units!!!! No units no credit.

Elements of good Graphs I will be able to list and describe the main parts of a scientific investigation. Elements of good Graphs

Label each axis on the graph with the variable and its unit. I will be able to list and describe the main parts of a scientific investigation. Label each axis on the graph with the variable and its unit. Independent variable on the x axis, label (units ) Dependent variable on the y axis, label (units )

What are the parts of a scientific investigation? I will be able to list and describe the main parts of a scientific investigation. What are the parts of a scientific investigation? Creating Graphs Plot points on both axis using the scale. Title the graph.

What are the parts of a scientific investigation? I will be able to list and describe the main parts of a scientific investigation. What are the parts of a scientific investigation? 11. Analysis a.Data must be studied. b.Data will help draw a conclusion.

What are the parts of a scientific investigation? I will be able to list and describe the main parts of a scientific investigation. What are the parts of a scientific investigation? 12.Drawing and Defending Conclusions 1. Conclude whether the results support the hypothesis or do not support the hypothesis. 2. Scientists must be prepared to defend their conclusion. 3. Must be supported with data.

What are the parts of a scientific investigation? I will be able to list and describe the main parts of a scientific investigation. What are the parts of a scientific investigation? Conclusions Explain what happened? (Do not use first or third person in your written conclusion- personal pronouns, no I or we in the conclusion) Steps to writing a conclusion: 1. Restate the problem that was investigated. Do not write in question format. 2. State what the hypothesis was. 3. Explain what the results showed. Include details/numbers from investigation. 4. Did the results support or not support the hypothesis? 5. List any questions this data now leads you to?

What are the parts of a scientific investigation? I will be able to list and describe the main parts of a scientific investigation. What are the parts of a scientific investigation? Example: The problem investigated was to see how aspirin affected the growth of a cut flower. The hypothesis that aspirin in the water of cut carnations would help the flowers last longer was not supported by the data. As the amount of aspirin was increased in the water, the flowers died faster. The flowers died in 1-3 days. The control of the flower that did not have any aspirin in the water lasted 7 days. From this data the conclusion would have to be that aspirin does not help the carnation last longer. However, this does bring up the question, what is it in aspirin that kills the flowers so fast?

What is the difference between a theory and law? I will be able to describe the differences between a scientific theory and scientific law. What is the difference between a theory and law? Scientific Theory 1.A well-supported explanation of nature. 2.Best explanation based on what is known. 3.Valid as long as there is no evidence to dispute it.

Scientific Law 1.Explains the way the world works. I will be able to describe the differences between a scientific theory and scientific law. Scientific Law 1.Explains the way the world works. 2.Hold true anywhere in the universe.

How do Scientific Ideas Change? I will be able to explain how scientific knowledge can change. How do Scientific Ideas Change? Scientific Knowledge Is agreed upon. All scientific knowledge: facts, theories, laws can change: 1. New evidence 2. Collaboration and debate Scientist share ideas Discuss and debate ideas Come to an agreement Question and challenge every idea.