Anlkle joint D.Rania Gabr D.Sama. D.Elsherbiny
Phalanges Metatarsals Cuneiform bones Cuboid Navicular Tarsal bones Talus N C Cuboid Calcaneus Metatarsals Cuneiform bones Cuboid Navicular Tarsal bones Talus Calcaneus
Sesamoid bone Sustentaculum tali Medial tubercle Lateral tubercle
Ankle joint Planter- flexion Dorsi- flexion
Talo-calcaneo-navicular joint Calcaneo cuboid joint Subtaler joint Eversion Inversion
ANKLE JOINT Anterior view Lateral view
Type & Articular Surfaces TYPE: synovial, hinge joint. ARTICULAR SURFACES: UPPER: A socket formed by: Lateral malleolus. the lower end of tibia & medial malleolus. LOWER: Body of talus.
Ligaments MEDIAL (DELTOID) LIGAMENT: A strong triangular ligament. Apex: attached to medial malleolus. Base: subdivided into 4 parts: Anterior tibiotalar part. Tibionavicular part. Tibiocalcaneal part. Posterior tibiotalar part. 1 4 3 2 LATERAL LIGAMENT: Composed of 3 separate ligaments Anterior talofibular ligament. Calcaneofibular ligament. Posterior talofibular ligament. 3 1 2
Movements DORSIFLEXION: Performed by muscles of anterior compartment of leg (tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus & peroneus tertius). PLANTERFLEXION: Initiated by soleus. Maintained by gastrocnemius. Assisted by other muscles in posterior compartment of leg (tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus & flexor hallucis longus) + muscles of lateral compartment of leg (peroneus longus & peroneus brevis).
Joints of the Foot Subtalar Joint: Articular surface: between the talus and calcaneus. Movement: inversion and eversion of the foot.
2. Talocalcaneonavicular joint Type: synovial ball and socket. 3. Calcaneocuboid Joint: Type: synovial, plane joint 4. Talocalcanean Joint: Type: Synovial, plane variety.
Extensor Retinaculum Superior extensor Inferior retinaculum extensor Tom…….. Has…….. Very…… Nice…. Dog….. & Pig Tom…….. Has…….. Very…… Nice…. Dog….. & Pig
Peroneal Retinacula P.B P.L
Flexor retinaculum Tom…….. Dose…….. Very…… Nice…. Hat…..
Arches of the Foot
Arches of the Foot 1. Longitudinal Arch: is divided into two parts: Medial arch. Lateral arch. Medial longitudinal arch: Function: Important in the process of walking and running. Lateral longitudinal arch: Function: important in supporting the body weight, 2. Transverse Arch: Function: Protection of the soft tissue of the sole of the foot during standing or walking. Factors maintaining the arches of the foot: Shape of the bones. Long tendons of the foot: Ligaments of the joints of the foot: Planter aponeurosis: Superficial fascia: Flat foot: loss of the arches of the foot. Causes: ??