Earth Science Facts Review One

Scientific Method The Scientific Method is a set of steps to conduct, research, experiment, and draw a conclusion based on a question.

Step One Ask a question based on an observation. What color of flowers attract bees the best.

Step Two Research on the topic and write a paper.

Step Three Form a hypothesis based on your research If there are many colored flowers, then bees with land on the yellow flowers the most

Step Four Set up and run an experiment: How are you going to count bees and their reaction to colors of flowers Must have one variable to be tested: colors of flowers Independent variable is the variable that is changed: colors of flowers Dependent variable is dependent on the independent variable: how the bees react to the different colors of flowers

Constants: all the factors of the experiment that are the same. Control: what you can compare your results to, the norm

Step Five Record and analyze data Form a table for data Make into graphs if possible

Graphs Bar graph is used when the results are not related.

Graphs Line graph is used when change over time is involved.

Step Six Draw a conclusion from your data Must include statement about the hypothesis, was it correct or not? Possible errors and further experiments

Step Seven Repeat, Repeat, Repeat Always run the experiment more than once

Any valid scientific theory has passed tests designed to invalidate it. It is based on observations. Scientific law is based on facts

Density Density = the mass/volume. Units for density are grams/cm³ or g/ml Water is the densest as a liquid. Density = 1 g/ml. The same substance has the same density. As mass increases so does the volume As pressure increases so does density Warm (air, water, magma) rises because it is less dense. Cold sinks

Mapping Latitude lines go from east to west. Equator is 0° Latitude Longitude lines for from north to south Prime Meridian is 0° longitude and runs through Greenwich England The International Date Line is the 180° longitude

The Earth is divided into 24 time zones each 15 degrees. The time gets 1 hour earlier every time zone west

Topographic Maps Contour lines show elevation of land Contour index are the dark lines that tell elevation The closer the contour lines are the steeper the land Depressions use hachure lines that point to the lowers point

Symbols

Bathymetric Maps Maps that show the depth of the water using contour lines

One Down Astronomy Meteorology Lots of geology And oceanography left……… Are you ready????????????????????????