Information Technology Defined1: It is science which is concerned with the technologies used for converting the data into information and communicating the information from one location or from one level of management to other level of management.

IT Defined It is science concerned with Acquisition of data Processing of data Storage of data Dissemination of data

Processing Technology IT Defined2: It is a science which is concerned with the study of followings technologies Input Technology Conventional input devices, Automated Input Devices Software Interfaces etc Output technology Output devices like HD, FD, CD etc Printed report, on screen reports Processing Technology Processing hardware (Physical device) Processing software (OS, Application software) Network Technologies LAN technologies WAN Technologies

IT Defined3: IT can also be defined as the convergence of Computing technologies and telecommunications.

Data & Information Data collected Facts Inactive Technology oriented It could be collected from various sources Presented facts Active Business bases Transformed from data

Features of Good Information Availability Correctness Completeness Compactness Verifiability Collected from credible source

Types of Information ( Levels of Mgmt) Operational Information Tactical information Strategic Information

Operational Information Short run oriented Task oriented Day to day routine operation oriented Quantified Degree of accuracy is high Internal focused Structured Detailed

Tactical Information Mid range oriented Decision orientation Presented information in the form of reports Semi structured It would be in the form quantitive and qualitative form Internal Degree of accuracy is low as compared to operational information It contains less details as compared to operational information

Strategic Information Future oriented Strategic decision orientation Summarized reports unstructured It would be in the form qualitative form External environment focused Uncertainty Highly summarized

System defined: It is organized collection of men, machines, mechanisms organized to perform some specific function or to achieve some objective. Information System defined: A CBIS which accepts the data as input and process it for transforming it into the information and then communicate it to the management.

Difference Between Open & Closed System Open System Closed System It interact with its environment for inputs & Out puts It would be compatible with the other systems Its output cannot be easily estimated probalistic System) Flexible system It does not interact with its environment for inputs & Out puts It would be compatible with the other systems Its output can be easily estimated (Deterministic System) Rigid system

Components of a System: Inputs (Resources or raw material on which the system operates) Outputs ( Results of operation of process) Process ( transform input to output i.e. tasks performed on input to convert it into output) System Boundary System Environment Feedback

Write the components of following Systems Inventory Control System Payroll System SKANS Student Information System

Features of System Organization Objectivity Interdependence Hierarchy System optimality Sub optimality

System Hierarchy defined: It is an arrangement of items (objects, names, values, categories, etc.) in which the items are represented as being "above," "below," or "at the same level as" one another. Features of System Hierarchy A system is composed of sub systems It is always possible to find another system of which that system is part The system at higher position is call higher level system and system at lower position is called system at lower level system

Exercise for Information Types Sales Invoice/Receipt Sales Analysis Reports Student Fee deposit Voucher Edit Reports/Control Report Financial Reports Forecasting Reports Trend Analysis Reports Company Policies Company Mission Statement Company Objectives Organizational Strategies Company Budget Short Run & Mid range Plans Mergers & Acquisitions