Today- Start Chapter 9 Announcements Chapter 8 quiz on WebCT is due Sunday, March 19. Do it before you leave for spring break. No excuses !!!!! Final Day to drop a class is Friday, March 17.

Grade on Exam 2Score (out of 70) A70 (or more) -63 B62-56 C55-49 D48-42 FBelow 42

2. What does the symbol P i or P represent? Warm up Questions 1, 2, 3 1. What structure is this? 3. What does ADP stand for?

Chapter 9 Pictures

Carbon and Energy Flow CO 2 + H 2 O Carbs Proteins Lipids + O 2 Photosynthesis Cellular (Aerobic) Respiration ( ATP Produced )

Fig 9.2

Digestion + Cellular Respiration = ATP Production

Frig 8.11 Why do cells need ATP?

organic Simpler waste molecules products (from food)(CO 2 +H 2 O) ATP (energy storage molecule) + Heat oxidation Energy Released Oxidation releases energy which is stored as ATP

EAEA

Questions

Cellular Respiration Fig 9.19 Digestion

Fig 9.6. Glycolysis

Fig 9.6 Formation of Acetyl CoA and the Citric Acid Cycle Acetyl CoA Formation

Fig 9.6 Electron Transport and Chemiosmosis Acetyl CoA Formation

Fig 9.7 Substrate-level Phosphorylation

Fig Oxidative Phosphorylation = Making ATP using Electron Transport and Chemiosmosis NADH + FADH 2

Fig 9.8 Overview of Glycolysis

Energy Investment Phase Energy Payoff Phase ( 2 Glyceraldehyde-3-P)

Glycolysis: Energy Investment Phase 2 Glyceraldehyde-3-P

Energy Investment Phase Energy Payoff Phase ( 2 Glyceraldehyde-3-P)

Redox Reactions 2 electrons and 1 proton = hydride ion = H -1 NAD is an electron carrier in the cell.

Step 1 of the Energy Payoff Phase 2 Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphates Oxidation of sugar 2 e- removed from each glyceraldehyde-3 - P Reduction of NAD Each NAD+ has gained 2 e- in the form of “H - ” =hydride ion. Produces NADH “Redox” reaction (reduction-oxidation) electrons

Glycolysis: Energy Payoff Phase 2 Glyceraldehyde-3-P

Glycolysis Summary Glucose 2 Pyruvate Glucose2 Pyruvate + 2 H ATP Energy Investment Phase 2 ADP Energy Payoff Phase 4 ATP 4 ADP 2 ADP + 2 P i 2 ATP 2 NAD+ 2 NADH

Question 9.3

Fig 9.6 Formation of Acetyl CoA Acetyl CoA Formation

Fig 9.10 Formation of Acetyl CoA

Fig 9.6 Citric Acid Cycle Acetyl CoA Formation

Fig 9.12 Citric Acid Cycle

Question 9.5

Glycolysis: glucose (6-C) => 2 pyruvate (3-C) Formation of Acetyl CoA 2 pyruvate (3-C) => 2 Acetyl CoA (2-C) + 2 CO 2 Citric Acid Cycle 2 Acetyl CoA (2-C) => 4 CO 2 Glucose is completely oxidized to CO 2 Breathe out

Fig 9.6 Electron Transport and Chemiosmosis Acetyl CoA Formation

Inner membrane Matrix Intermembrane Space Chemiosmosis Fig 9.15: Electron transport and chemiosmosis (pH 7) (pH 8)

Fig 9.15 I III IV (Refer to figure in handout. We will use only NADH as an example.) Chemiosmosis

I H+H+ H+H+ III H+H+ IV Electron Transport Chain Chemiosmosis

Question 9.5

Chemiosmosis H+H+ H+H+ pH 7 pH 8

Fig Oxidative Phosphorylation = Making ATP using Electron Transport and Chemiosmosis NADH + FADH 2

Question 9.6

Fig 9.18 Fermentation Overview

Fig 9.17a Alcohol Fermentation

Fig 9.17b Lactic Acid Fermentation

C. botulinum produces the potent nerve toxin that causes botulism. Most Eukaryotes

Question 9.7