The following data is obtained from a man with smoke inhalation injury who is breathing 100% oxygen: PaO2 190 mmHg PaCO2 36 mmHg SaO259% COHb40% pH7.47.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Ventilation-Perfusion Relationships

Advertisements

Intraoperative Hypoxia During Thoracic Surgery

Department of Medicine Manipal College of Medical Sciences

Lectures on respiratory physiology Pulmonary Gas Exchange I.

Ventilation / Ventilation Control Tests - Equipment and Equations

Pressures RA: a = 2-6; V = 2-4 m = 3 (0-6) RV:15-25 edp 0-5. PA:15-25; diast. 6-10, m = PAW: a = 6-12, V = 8-14, m 6-10 (12) LA (PV): a=6-12, V=8-14,

Respiratory Calculations

Improving Oxygenation

Mechanical Ventilaton Ramon Garza III, M.D.. Indications Airway instability Most surgical patients or trauma Primary Respirator Failure Mostly medical.

Blood Gas Sampling, Analysis, Monitoring, and Interpretation

OXYGEN EQUILIBRIUM AND TRANSPORT

Blood Gases: Pathophysiology and Interpretation

Other Factors Contributing to Non- Uniform Distribution of Perfusion Right pulmonary artery comes off at an acute angle. Therefore, there is more flow.

OXYGEN THERAPY Dora M Alvarez MD Oxygen Delivery Systems A-a Gradient Oxygen Transport Oxygen Deliver to Tissues.

Wasted Ventilation. Dead Space dead space is the volume of air which is inhaled that does not take part in the gas exchange, either because it (1)

The ins and outs of respiratory physiology Reverend Dr David Taylor

Lecture 5 Blood flow to the lungs (BF) Physiologic shunt (PS) Air flow (AF) Laminar flow (LF) Turbulent flow (TF) Ventilation-perfusion relations.

Why do we breathe? Take in O 2 (which we need to make ATP) Get rid of CO 2 (which is a waste product of ATP synthesis)

Why do we breathe? Take in O 2 (which we need to make ATP) Get rid of CO 2 (which is a waste product of ATP synthesis)

Pulmonary Circulation Characteristics Low Resistance /Pressure The specific structure(s) primarily responsible for the majority of control of resistance.

OXYGENATION AND ACID-BASE EVALUATION

Intraoperative Hypoxia During Thoracic Surgery Tarek Ashoor.

Pathophysiology of Respiratory Failure Fern White & Annabel Fothergill.

Ventilation / Ventilation Control Tests

Building a Solid Understanding of Mechanical Ventilation

Pharmacokinetics of Inhalation Anesthetics Dr.Doaa Kamal Department of Anesthesia, Ain Shams University adress:

Copyright 2008, Thomas Sisson

Analysis and Monitoring of Gas Exchange

Arterial blood gas By Maha Subih.

IB SEHS Chapter Two. By the end of this chapter students should be able to: 1. Introduce the concepts of homeostasis. 2. Describe the structure and function.

Patient Monitoring Stuart Nurre, MS, R.R.T.. Oxygenation Goal of respiratory therapy is return the patient to a normal oxygenation status, while minimizing.

R Rodriguez-Roisin, MD UNIVERSITAT DE BARCELONA OBESIDAD SEVERA Y PULMÓN: EFECTOS DE LA CIRUGÍA BARIÁTRICA.

Respiratory failure 31/08/2011 Vivian Ho. Contents Definition Types Pathogenesis Effects Blood gases Management.

Pulmonary Circulation Dr. Walid Daoud MBBCh, MSc, MD, FCCP Director of Chest Department, Shifa Hospital, A. Professor of Chest Medicine.

ARTERIAL BLOOD GAS ANALYSIS Arnel Gerald Q. Jiao, MD, FPPS, FPAPP Pediatric Pulmonologist Philippine Children’s Medical Center.

Learning objectives Understand the Effect of low oxygen pressure on the body. Understand the Effect of high partial pressure of individual gases on the.

If PAO 2 normally averages 100 mmHg, why is average PaO 2 =95 mmHg?? 1. V/Q differences from apex to base 2. Shunt To understand both influences we must.

RESPIRATORY 221 WEEK 4 CH.8. Oxygen transport Mixed venous blood – pulmonary capillary - PvO2 40mmHg - PAO2 100mmHg – diffuses through pressure gradient.

1 Mosby items and derived items © 2011, 2006 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Chapter 5 Oxygenation Assessments Oxygenation Assessments.

Respiratory Physiology Division of Critical Care Medicine University of Alberta.

Copyright © 2008 Thomson Delmar Learning CHAPTER 8 Ventilation-Perfusion Relationships.

Broncho-Cath CPAP System

Lung Protective Jet Ventilation Basic Lung Protective Strategy for Treating RDS and Air Leaks with HFJV.

Mechanical Ventilation 101

Chapter 8 Pulmonary Adaptations to Exercise. The Respiratory System Conducting zone - consists of the mouth, nasal cavity and passages, pharynx and trachea.

Date of download: 6/1/2016 Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Effect of changing hydrostatic pressure on the distribution of.

Exam One Review N464- Fall O (2 points) Discuss why patients with pulmonary disease are prone to atrial dysrhythmias.

Ventilation/Perfusion Relationships in the Lung

Dr Vishram Buche Central India’s CHILD hospital & Research Institute, NAGPUR.

Respiratory Systems.

Invasive Mechanical Ventilation

Human Physiology Respiratory System

Ventilation-perfusion Ratio

pH PC02 Condition Decreased Increased Respiratory acidosis

ABG Analysis Dr. Katrina Romualdez ED Registrar

HYPOXIA RESPIRATORY FAILURE

Ventilation Perfusion Relationships

TOTAL PULMONARY VENTILATION

Physiology of the Respiratory System

Assessment of Hypoxaemia

Ventilation-perfusion ratio

TRANSPORT OF CO2 IN THE BLOOD

Assessment of Hypoxaemia

Recommended algorithm for high-flow nasal cannula use in acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure in immunocompetent or immunocompromised patients. #: arterial.

O2 CO2 Gas Exchange Diffusion

Arterial blood gas By Maha Subih.

Dr. Laila Al-Dokhi Assistant Professor Physiology Department

Structure of the Respiratory System

INTERPRETATION OF ABG ASMAA MOHAMMAD M.D.. Interpretation of the ABG  Arterial blood gas analysis is an essential part of diagnosing and managing a patient’s.

Presentation transcript:

The following data is obtained from a man with smoke inhalation injury who is breathing 100% oxygen: PaO2 190 mmHg PaCO2 36 mmHg SaO259% COHb40% pH7.47 -What might you expect the PaO 2 to be? (Hint: what should ideal alveolar PO 2 be?) -Can shunt fraction be calculated? -Despite the high arterial PO 2, the man is experiencing problems related to tissue hypoxia. Why? Case Studies W.R. Law/Respiration BMS 653 – Human Physiology PHYB 401 – Graduate Physiology

A patient presents with pneumonia which involves the entire left lung, sparing the right. The following data is obtained on ambient air: PaO2: 52 mmHgSaO2: 75% PaCO2: 39 mmHgSmvO2: 60% Calculate shunt fraction On 50% oxygen, the data obtained are: PaO2: 65 mmHgSaO2: 80% PaCO2: 35 mmHgSmvO2: 60% Calculate shunt fraction. Is the value the same as above? Explain. After performing these calculations, the attending physician decides to change the patient’s body position. What position change is appropriate and why? Case Study

In one lung anesthesia, only one lung (referred to as the dependent lung) is ventilated, while the non-dependent lung is not ventilated. Blood flow to the non-ventilated lung becomes shunt flow. This is in addition to any shunt flow through the dependent lung. During such a procedure the following data were obtained: mvO2 content15 ml/dl aO2 content19 ml/dl Assuming that oxygen content of blood leaving ideally ventilated regions of the dependent lung is 20 ml/dl, calculate the shunt fraction. Is this the value you would expect in this setting when approximately ½ of the lung mass is not being ventilated? Explain. Case Study

A patient sitting upright in bed is on positive pressure ventilation that maintains a positive end-expiratory pressure of 8 cm H 2 0 (~2 inches). You should be able to discuss the following questions concerning this patient based on this information alone: 1.Provide a rationale for either an increase or decrease in the patient’s pulmonary arterial blood pressure after being placed on PEEP. 2.Why might you consider putting a flow- directed pulmonary arterial (Swan-Ganz) catheter under fluroscopic guidance in this patient?