KEY CONCEPT The skeletal system includes bones and tissues that are important for: supporting, protecting, and moving your body.

Cranium Label the skeleton: Humerus Mandible Radius Ulna Pelvis Femur Patella Tibia Fibula

Vertebrae:

Your skeletal system is made up of the appendicular and axial skeletons. The skeletal system protects, supports, and moves the body.

Appendicular skeleton: legs, arms, feet, hands, scapula, clavicle, pelvis allows for movement

skull, rib cage, spinal column, sternum Axial skeleton: skull, rib cage, spinal column, sternum skull rib sternum vertebra supports body and protects tissues allows for limited movement Vertebrae: bones that surround spinal cord

Cartilage is connective tissue between bones. cushions bones allows for smooth movement connect two bones cartilage

How many bones are in the human body? 206 What do bones do? fibrous joint -framework for muscles to pull against -shape and structure to body -support and protect organs Joints- places where two bones meet. 3 types of joints.

3 types of Joints Fibrous or fixed: do not allow for movement found in skull

-allows partial movement -hold vertebrae in place; rib cage 3 types of joints: Cartilaginous -allows partial movement -hold vertebrae in place; rib cage cartilage

3 types of joints Synovial joints -allows for greater movement -5 types of synovial joints

There are 5 types of synovial joints. gliding pivot ball-and-socket saddle hinge GLIDING JOINT PIVOT JOINT BALL-AND-SOCKET JOINT SADDLE JOINT HINGE JOINT

Synovial Joints Type of Joint Example on Body G. Gliding Joint Type of Movement Type of Joint Example on Body Allows bones to slide over each other G. Gliding Joint Wrist, ankle Side to side, rotate Top 2 vertebrae of spine B. Pivot Joint F. Ball and Socket Joint Almost any direction, up, down, forward, backward, circular Shoulder, hip Rotation, front to back; left to right E. Saddle Joint Thumb Elbow, knee, fingers, toes One direction, forward and backward D. Hinge Joint

Ligaments are long bands of tissue that connect bones across a joint.

Bones are living tissue. Bone is made of compact bone tissue and spongy bone tissue. Compact bone Spongy bone

Compact bone is hard and dense. Osteocytes (bone cells) maintain compact bone rings. Haversian canals allow blood vessels in the bone. blood vessel osteocytes Haversian canals

Spongy bone protects red or yellow bone marrow. Red bone marrow produces blood cells. Yellow bone marrow is mostly fat. Periosteum A layer of connective tissue that covers bone Red bone marrow

Calcification is the process of building hard bone. combines collagen and calcium phosphate transforms cartilage into hard bone during childhood osteocyte compact bone

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Red bone marrow Periosteum Yellow bone marrow osteocytes Compact bone blood vessel Periosteum Compact bone Haversian canals Yellow bone marrow Spongy bone Red bone marrow Red bone marrow

simple compound Fractures stress