TOPOGRAPHY 1.LABEL YOUR TABLE OF CONTENTS “TOPOGRAPHY NOTES” 2.LABEL YOUR PAGE WITH TITLE, DATE AND PAGE NUMBER 3.WAIT FOR DIRECTIONS

ENGAGE: UNDERSTANDING TOPOGRAPHY 1.Draw a box in your notes 2.Close your hand in a fist. 3.In pen, trace over the lines of your knuckle on one finger. 4.Now open your hand and sketch what the lines look like in the box in your notes. 5.Wait for directions

TOPOGRAPHY LEARNING OBJECTIVES 1. IDENTIFY STRUCTURES ON A TOPOGRAPHIC MAP. 2. USE A TOPOGRAPHIC MAP TO DESCRIBE THE ELEVATION OF LANDFORMS.

What is a topographic map?

WHAT IS A TOPOGRAPHIC MAP? A topographic map is a special kind of map that provides 3 dimensional information in a drawing. Natural structures like mountains, valleys, plains, lakes, and rivers are shown on a topographic map. You will also find manmade structures like roads, boundaries, radio towers, and major buildings Topographic maps are used by engineers as they look for coal, oil, and gas. They can be used to plan residential and commercial. And they are used by the military and for recreational purposes like hiking and camping.

TOPOGRAPHY VOCABULARY Topography is the shape, or features, of the land. Contour Lines are lines that show an area’s elevation, slope, and relief.

LET’S TAKE A WALK UP A HILL!

WE’RE NOW AT AN ELEVATION OF 100 METERS. 100m

LET’S KEEP GOING! 100m

NOW WE’RE AT 200M. 100m 200m

SHALL WE MARCH ON? 100m 200m

WE’VE MADE IT TO 300M! 100m 200m 300m

ON TO THE PEAK! 100m 200m 300m

WE’RE ON THE PEAK, BUT WHAT’S OUR ELEVATION? 100m 200m 300m

ANY IDEAS? 100m 200m 300m Let’s add contour lines for every 50 meters and see if that helps.

100m 200m 300m We know that we are above 350m, but less than 400m. 50m 150m 250m 350m

100m 200m 300m Let’s head down the hill, it’s getting late! 50m 150m 250m 350m

100m 200m 300m Now what’s our elevation? 50m 150m 250m 350m If you said somewhere between 200m and 250m you are right!

100m 200m 300m Let’s try this again! 50m 150m 250m 350m

100m 200m 300m What’s our elevation now? 50m 150m 250m 350m If you said 50m or just under, you’re right!

LET’S NOW LOOK AT THE SAME HILL, BUT THE WAY WE MIGHT SEE IT FROM AN AIRPLANE!

Each color change represents a 50 meter increase.

Now, let’s try the same hike! Our elevation is 0 meters.

Now what is our elevation?

If you said more than 150 meters, but less than 200 meters your right!

Let’s go a little higher.

Think you know our elevation now? More than 300meters But less than 350meters

IF WE WERE STANDING ON THE PEAK, WHAT WOULD BE OUR ELEVATION? More than 350 meters, less than 400 meters

Let’s head down hill.

Know our elevation?

More than 100 meters, less than 150 meters

WHAT DO YOU NOTICE ABOUT THIS MAP AND THE AIRPLANE VIEW? ANYTHING SIMILAR? DIFFERENCES?

UNDERSTANDING CONTOUR LINES

Contour lines never cross, because each line represents an exact elevation. Circles show highest and lowest points. (Contour lines form closed circles around mountaintops, hilltops, and the centers of depressions, which are sunken areas in the ground). Contour interval is the difference in elevation from one contour line to the next. UNDERSTANDING CONTOUR LINES

Contour lines & contour intervals  Contour lines are drawn at specific intervals known as the contour interval.  What is the contour interval on this map?  10 meters  Are you ready to read your own map?

GPS stands for Global Positioning System – a satellite navigation system used to determine a specific location anywhere on the globe. Slope is how steep the landform is. Relief is the difference between a high point and low point. Elevation is the height above sea level of a land form.

UNDERSTANDING ELEVATION Interesting Fact: Sanger is 669 feet above sea level. The city of New Orleans is 6.5 feet below sea level. What does sea level mean?

UNDERSTANDING SLOPE Slope is how steep the landform is. Steeper Slope (or gradient) Gradual Slope (or gradient)

UNDERSTANDING RELIEF Relief is the difference between a high point and low point = 1000 The difference between A and B is a relief of 1000!

UNDERSTANDING GPS GPS stands for Global Positioning System – a satellite navigation system used to determine a specific location anywhere on the globe. Artist's conception of GPS Block II-F satellite in Earth orbit. GPS receivers are now integrated in many mobile phones.receiversmobile phones U.S. Air Force U.S. Air Force Senior Airman runs through a checklist during Global Positioning System satellite operations.