Phylum Porifera

Sponge Cells - Function Pore cells Osculum Choanocytes (Collar Cells) Amoebocytes Spicules Internal cavity (spongocoel)

Water Movement A sponge’s life depends on it! Why is it so important? Feeding Oxygen Waste Reproduction

Feeding

Reproduction Sexual Sperm exits sponge through osculum Enters another sponge and fertilizes an egg Asexual small buds break off Form new sponge clones Can regenerate

Sperm exiting the top of this sponge youtube video youtube video

Sponge Protection Skeleton Spongin (protein) Spicules (Calcium carbonate or Silicon dioxide) Gemmules (dormancy) Food-filled balls of amebocytes Protective coating Survive harsh conditions

Gemmules

Glass Sponge (Japanese Flower Basket)

End of Porifera Correct worksheet on Cnidarians

Cnidarians

Three Classes 1) Hydrozoa – Hydra * Polyp + Medusa 2) Scyphozoa (cup) – Jelly Fish * Medusa 3) Anthozoa (flowering) – Anemonies, Coral * Polyps

Commonalities Polyp or Medusa Stage Cnidocytes

Cnidocyte

Cnidocytes – Key Features Single use cells How do they fire?

Chacteristics of Cnidarians: Called Colenterates means" hollow gut” ShapeBody PartsReproduce Polyp Tentacles MedusaNematocysts Gastrovascular Cavity Asexual Sexual Hermaphrodites

Class Hydrozoa pg 446 Diagram Most of life is as a polyp Short medusa phase Live in colonies MostlyMostly Sessile

Reproduction Asexual – Warm Weather Budding Sexual – Cold Weather Sperm fertilizes egg Develops into a ball of cells with a hard cover, protects until spring

Hydroid lifecycle

End Of Hydrozoa

Scyphozoa

Class Scyphozoa Jellyfishes Bell or Cup shaped (MEDUSA) All have venom but not all can hurt people Have a LONG Medusa phase Motile

Aurelia Life Cycle

Box Jelly Fish

Lion’s Mane Jellyfish

Feeding How do you think it feeds?

Anthozoa

Class Anthozoa Means flowering animal Ex sea anemones, coral

Sea Anemonies

Guess How They Feed!? When do they feed?

Symbiotic Relationship

Coral

Brain Coral

Symbiotic Relationship Algae + Coral Source of O 2 for Coral Source of Nutrients for Algae Warm, Shallow, Clear Waters

Coral Soft and hard (calcium based skeleton) Small polyps that live in colonies During day, look like hard shells Feed at night Extend out their tentacles

Dormant Sun Coral

Sun Coral Feeding at Night

Reproduction Sexual Asexual

Reefs When corals die, their hardened skeletons remain, creating reefs

Types of Reefs Fringing Barrier Atoll

Coral grows close to the shoreline

Coral reef further out from shore

Way out in ocean, formed over volcanos or mountains under the water