روانشناسی عصب شناختی Evaluation and treatment of individuals with brain dysfunction.

 Differential neurologic diagnosis  Acute versus static  Focal versus diffuse  Location of damage

 Establishment of a baseline for neuropsychological performance from which future evaluations can assess improvement or deterioration  Descriptions of the effects of brain dysfunction on Behavior  Determinations of disability levels for compensation in personal injury litigation  Evaluation of vocational potential  Assessment of environmental needs after discharge from hospital (disposition planning)

 Development of remedial methods for rehabilitation of the individual brain-damaged patient  Measurement of residual abilities during rehabilitation  Patient management

 Reliability is the stability or dependability of a test score as reflected in its consistency on repeated measurement of the same individual.  The validity of a test is the meaningfulness of specific inferences made from the test scores; that is, does the test really measure what it was intended to measure?

 Achievement tests  Behavioral-adaptive scales  Intelligence tests Neuropsychological tests

 “What is your full name?”  “Where do you live?”  “How old are you?” O R I E N T A T I O N ( A R O U S A L )

 Arousal  Degree of confusion  Disorientation  Place  Person  Time  Awareness of change/time Orientation

 Recognition  Familiarity of stimuli  Relationship among features  Visual acuity  Auditory  Taste/smell  Tactile/proprioceptive  Internal/environmental  Awareness Sensation/Perception

 Span  Selective attention  Shifting  Sustained attention  Vigilance  Neglect  Fatigue Attention

 Cerebral dominance  Initiation and perseveration  Manual dexterity  Graphomotor skills  Balance  Ambulation  Motor speed  Speech regulation  Motor strength Motor

 Construction  Route finding  Spatial orientation  Facial recognition Visuospatial

 Receptive speech (following directions,  reading comprehension)  Expressive speech (verbal fluency, naming,  writing, math)  Articulation (stuttering, stammering, articulation  voice, fluency)  Speech production (articulation fluency, voice)  Syntax and grammar  Aphasias: Broca’s, Wernicke’s, conduction,  fluent, transcortical, subcortical Language Skills

 Verbal  Visual  Immediate  Short term  Long term  Recognition  Encoding  Storage  Retrieval  Chunking  Declarative  Procedural Memory

 Comprehension  Judgment  Calculations  Problem solving  Organizational abilities  Higher level reasoning  Sequencing Abstract Reasoning/Conceptualization

 Depression  Attitude toward rehabilitation  Motivation  Locus of control  Family relationships  Group interaction  One-to-one interaction  Behavioral impulsivity  Aggressive/confrontational Emotional/Psychological Distress

 Toileting  Dressing  Bathing  Transferring  Continence  Feeding Activities of Daily Living