Rise of Islam Chapter 10 Type I: What do you know about Islam, Muslims, their culture or geography?

State Standards Standard 4.2.1 – Identify and explain the origins and expansion of Islam and the creation of the Islamic Empire. The geographic extent. The artistic, scientific, technological and economic features of Muslim society.

Objectives Be able to describe how Muhammad become the prophet of Islam. Be able to describe the five pillars of Islam.

Muhammad – The Prophet of Islam Muhammad was born in Mecca around 570 A.D. At age 40 Muhammad says he is visited by the angel Gabriel who tells him to be God’s messenger. Muhammad’s name in Arabic

Muhammad Few people in Mecca listen to Muhammad; belief in one God would be bad for their businesses in the Kaaba. Muhammad flees to Yathrib (later named Medina). Here people accept his teachings. Thousands become converts to Islam. In 630 Muhammad and his followers attack Mecca and destroy the Kaaba. Rededicate it to Allah.

The Kaaba in Mecca - Video

Islam Islam believes in one God, their sacred text is the Quran (Koran). The Quran

5 Pillars of Islam Read pg. 306 “Muslims Follow Duties” and write down the 5 pillars of Islam. 1. Declaration of faith. 2. Pray five times a day. 3. Give to charity. 4. Fast during the month of Ramadan. 5. Travel to Mecca if you are able. Video You are going to make a poster of the 5 pillars of Islam. You must include all 5 pillars with a picture to represent each pillar.

Objectives Be able to describe how Muhammad become the profit of Islam. Be able to describe the five pillars of Islam. Most famous work of literature is “A Thousand and One Nights” or “The Arabian Nights”.

A veiled upper-class Muslim Women Sharia Sharia – body of law that monitors life, business, government, and moral conduct. There is no separation of Church and State they both revolve around Quran and Sharia. Pinwheel - Write down one law that might change in our country if the church was in charge of the government. A veiled upper-class Muslim Women

Expanding Empire Expanded the empire and religion through warfare and conquest. Taxed non-Muslims, did not force them to convert as the tax helps pay for their troops.

Empire Muslim rulers unite and blend many cultures. Arab, Persian, Egyptian, African, European, Mongolian, Turks, Indians, and Asian. Huge trade network connects their lands. Camels are “the ships of the desert”.

Art and Architecture Quran forbids worshiping idols, so religious art does not portray God, or human figures. Flower patterns, mosaics, and calligraphy. Pg. 323. Architecture – Domed mosques and minarets.

The Prophet’s Mosque in Medina

The Dome of the Rock

Advances and Literature Start the first banking system and Arabic numerals. Pg 322. Literature – best known work is a collection of stories called “The Thousand and One Nights” or “Arabian Nights”. Reading Activity.

Objectives I can explain the differences between Sunni and Shiite Muslims and Sufi Muslims. I can explain the similarity and differences between Muslims and Hindus. I can explain how Muslim beliefs combined with Hindu beliefs to create Sikhism.

Islam Splits Standard 4.2.1 Diverse religious traditions of Islam – Sunni, Shiite, Sufi. After Muhammad dies in 632 AD Muslims disagree over who should lead them. Split into Sunni and Shiite (plus Sufis). (Diagram)

Invasion of India By 1000 A.D. Muslim invaders are attacking Northern India. By 1206 they have captured all of North India, set up Delhi sultanate. Muslims won because of horses/camels, and many Hindus converted to Islam. Dehli sultanate set up, result is trade between India and Muslim lands increase.

Islam vs. Hinduism Hindu vs. Muslim pg. 326 Hindu – many sacred texts, many gods, caste system, reincarnation. Muslim – one text, one God, believers equal, death/judgment and heaven and hell.

Sikhism Sikhism – “unity of God”, reincarnation, no caste system. Muslim and Hindu beliefs combined to form new religion Sikhism. Chart pg. 326

Golden Temple

Mongols attack India 1526 Mongols attack India, led by Babur. Reading Activity. Babur conquers India and sets up Mughal (Mongol and Muslim) dynasty – Mughal means Mongol in Persian.

Babur and Akbar Babur – grandson Akbar – grandson Shah Jahan Shah Jahan’s wife Mumtaz Mahal dies he builds her a tomb the Taj Mahal.

Diverse Empire Mughals in India – Ottomans in Middle East and Eastern Europe – Safavid in Persia (Iran today) Ottomans under Mehmet II capture Constantinople the capital of? They expand because Byzantine and Persian Empires are weak. Empire becomes wealthy and factions arise. Empire breaks into many small states. Invasions by Turks, crusaders, and Mongolians further weaken the empire.

Objectives Be able to explain the similarity and differences between Muslims and Hindus. Be able to explain how Muslim beliefs combined with Hindu beliefs.

Religion Christianity Islam Hinduism Judaism Place of Worship Holy Book(s) Name of God(s) Religious Leader Day of worship Other facts about the religion Synagogue Mosque Church Saturday Allah God Bible Torah Sunday Friday Jesus Muhammad Moses Quran Brahman Caste System Vedas Reincarnation None (2X)