Multimission platform and Brazilian EO satellites Gilberto Câmara INPE

The need for global land observation The world is changing rapidly  Climate Change is here to stay Global land observation is a crucial need for the world, but its future is uncertain  MODIS is very useful,but has no future  What will happen to LANDSAT? Global land observation systems are a public good

The need for fast monitoring of change Protecting the Amazonian rain forest Annual wall-to-wall detailed survey  Uses LANDSAT-class satellites Daily monitoring of new deforestations  Uses MODIS-class satellites

Altamira (Pará) – LANDSAT Image – 22 August 2003

Altamira (Pará) – MODIS Image – 07 May 2004

Imagem Modis de , com excesso de nuvens Altamira (Pará) – MODIS Image – 21 May 2004

Altamira (Pará) – MODIS Image – 07 June 2004

6.000 hectares deforested in one month! Altamira (Pará) – MODIS Image – 22 June 2004

Altamira (Pará) – LANDSAT Image – 07 July 2004

Go to the field....

...and get the bad guys!

Cumaru do Norte (PA) Desmatamento Desmatamento Floresta Desmatamento anterior

Rationale for Brasil’s SSR-1 satellite Brazil needs satellites with fast revisit for real time deforestation detection We currently use MODIS (daily revisit) but need a better spatial resolution The AWFI (advanced wide field imager) sensor in CBERS-3 has 60 meter resolution every 5 days SSR-1 will have a AWFI with 40 meter resolution every 5 days With the AWFIs of CBERS-3 and SSR-1, we will cover Amazônia every 2 days

Meeting Brazil’s needs for remote sensing Resolution (days) Revisit (metres) WFI CB2 CCD CB2/CB3 AWFI CB3 PAN CB3 Tecnology 2008 Tecnology 2015 Tecnology Agriculture mapping Deforestation mapping Deforestation detection Agriculture identification 5 AWFI CB3 + AWFI SSR1

LANDSAT LANDSAT MODIS2001 US satellites used for Amazon deforestation monitoring LANDSAT/5 – 30 metre resolution every 16 days MODIS – 250 metre resolution every day

Brazilian remote sensing satellites Launch CBERS CBERS-2B2007 CBERS CBERS SSR SSR-22012

Meeting Brazil’s needs for remote sensing Today - We monitor Amazônia with 250 meters resolution every day In 2009, Brazil will have the capacity to monitor Amazonia and the entire Earth with 50 meters resolution every 2 days

Multimission platform Brazil’s project of medium-sized satellites

MMP: General purpose bus Earth observation missions polar or near–equatorial orbit 600 to 1200 km height up to ~300 kg payload weight 175 W average / 900 W peak power compatibility with launchers in the 500 – 600 kg payload class

Attitude control performance Pointing precision: < 0.05º (3σ) Drift: < 0.001º/s Attitude determination: < 0.005º (3σ) Lateral pointing agility: 30º in 180 s

Payload envelope

Possible payloads Optical (CBERS heritage)  Wide-field imager  Medium resolution camera Radar  Lightweight SAR Scientific  GPM sensors

Optical payload (SSR-1)

SSR-1 optical payload AWFI Spectral bands (  m) 0,45-0,52 B 0,52-0,59 G 0,63-0,69 R 0,77-0,89 NIR Spatial resolution (m) 40 Swath (km) 800 Revisit period (days) 5

SAR payload (SSR-2) antenna reflector MMP SAR payload antenna feed horn solar panel subreflector, data downlink

SSR-2 SAR payload Parameters FrequencyL band Polarizationsingle, dual and quad polarization Incidence interval20° – 45° Spatial resolution3 – 20 m Swath20 – 55 km Orbitsun-synchronous Coverageglobal Look directionascending/descending and left/right Revisit periodweekly Access to datanear real time Add. requirementsInterferometry and stereoscopy