Mind Control of Systems Designing a system to measure brain waves in order to obtain commands to control the direction of a remote-control car By Gary Obenski & Jim Bradbury
Primary Goals Determine an efficient way to obtain brain wave signals from human subject Determine a way to change different wave patterns to commands such as ‘left’ and ‘right’
Electroencephalography Science of recoding electric currents produced by human brain Discovered by Hans Berger in late 1920’s
Brain waves Arise from cerebral cortex Byproduct of normal brain function Millions of pyramidal cells produce small currents as the nerve impulses change
Four types of waves AlphaBeta Theta Delta
Similar experiments Mind control by rats US Air Force flight simulator
Biofeedback Alternative method to try to interpret brain wave signals Trains individual to learn how to produce specific frequencies
Where to go now… Acquire the means to harness EEG waves (Integration of Amplifier and Filter) Interpret signal as “1’s” and “0’s” Condition subject to consistently produce desired signal Interface EEG waveform to computer software Change the world!!!
Initial Design Differential amplifier Minimum gain of 10,000 Bandwidth of 0.5 Hz to 50 Hz Low noise
Options Buy amplifier Easier Cost consideration Design amplifier More difficult More flexible
Amplifiers Brainmaster circuit Modified instrumentation amplifier
Brainmaster circuit diagram
Brainmaster circuit specs Gain : 20,000 Bandwidth : 1.7 – 34 Hz Input Impedance : 10 Mohms CMRR : 100 dB
Instrumentation amplifier circuit diagram
Instrumentation amp frequency response Gain : 20,000 Bandwidth : 0.2 Hz - high value (depends on gain-bandwidth product of op-amp)
Test Compare each circuit Modify if needed Decide which one to use Flexibility Cost Performance
Modified Circuit Diagram
Specs Gain : 20,000 V/V 86 dB Bandwidth : > 1 kHz CMRR : 102 dB
Output Signal
Frequency Response
BrainMaster Model: Simulation Schematic
Simulation Results
Output Waveform of First Stage
Output Waveform Second Stage
Frequency Response of BrainMaster Amplifier
Problems with BrainMaster and Solution Voltage Divider of would not register any AC Signal Unable to Couple the Two Stages SOLUTION: Always have an alternative design it case one goes wrong.