Alsea Steelhead Acoustic Tagging Project. ODFW -Salmonid Life Cycle Monitoring Project Alsea Steelhead Acoustic Tagging Project EPA – Estuarine Habitat.

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Presentation transcript:

Alsea Steelhead Acoustic Tagging Project

ODFW -Salmonid Life Cycle Monitoring Project Alsea Steelhead Acoustic Tagging Project EPA – Estuarine Habitat Project (HMSC) ODFW –Mid-coast Management District Collaborators:

Alsea Steelhead Acoustic Tagging Project Determine “Survival” and Migration Timing for Three Steelhead Smolt Release Groups : Determine “Survival” and Migration Timing for Three Steelhead Smolt Release Groups : 1. Traditional Hatchery Brood 2. New Hatchery Brood 3. Naturally Reared Specifically Compare: Specifically Compare: “Survival” through River “Survival” through River “Survival” through Estuary “Survival” through Estuary Migration Timing Migration Timing Estuary Rearing Estuary Rearing

Acoustic Receiver Transmitter Steelhead Smolt 75 transmitters / group

Head of Tide N. Fk. Hatchery Crooked Creek Campbell Park Fall Creek Alsea Steelhead Acoustic Tagging Project Acoustic Receiver Locations Fiver Rivers Estuary 5 River Sites – 11 Receivers 7 Estuary Sites – 15 Receivers 1 Ocean Sites – 5 Receivers

Alsea Head of Tide Acoustic Receiver Array Receiver # 1 Receiver # 2 Receiver # 3

Receiver # 1 Receiver # 2 Acoustic Receiver Array Mid-Estuary

Alsea Jaws Receiver # 2 Receiver # 1 Receiver # 4 Receiver # 3

Alsea Steelhead Acoustic Tagging Project Determine Survival and Migration Timing for Three Steelhead Smolt Release Groups : Determine Survival and Migration Timing for Three Steelhead Smolt Release Groups : 1. Traditional Hatchery Brood 2. New Hatchery Brood 3. Naturally Reared Specifically Compare: Specifically Compare: Survival Through River Survival Through River Survival through Estuary Survival through Estuary Migration Timing Migration Timing Estuary Rearing Estuary Rearing

Hatchery Reared Smolt Naturally Reared Smolt Age 1+ Mostly Age 2+ Avg. Wt ~35 gms Avg. Wt ~75 gms

Length Frequency - Steelhead Smolts Traditional Hatchery Broodstock

New Hatchery Broodstock Length Frequency - Steelhead Smolts ~ 15 % of Population < 160 mm

Length Frequency Naturally Reared Steelhead Smolts

3.3 gms 1.6 gms V9 TagV7 Tag All Naturally Reared Smolts All Hatchery Reared Smolts <170 mm Tagging Criteria: Tag weight < 5% of Fish body weight V7 Tags 24 Hatchery Reared Smolts mm

Tagging Dates: Traditional Broodstock March New Broodstock March Release Dates: Traditional Broodstock April 2-9 New Broodstock April 2-9 Hatchery Smolts Sample Size: Traditional Broodstock 74 Fish New Broodstock 76 Fish

Crooked Creek Tagging Naturally Reared Smolts

Tagging Dates: March 17 – April 18 Release Dates: March 18 – April 19 Naturally Reared Smolts Recovery Period: 24 hours Sample Size: 72 Fish

V7 vs V9 Transmitters Results Detection Rate at Receiver Arrays Migration Rate by Release Group Survival Rate by Release Group Estuary Residence by Release Group

Receiver Array Detection Rate V7 versus V9 Transmitters

V7 vs V9 Transmitters Results Detection Rate at Receiver Arrays Migration Rate by Release Group “Survival Rate” by Release Group Estuary Residence by Release Group

“Survival” Rate by Release Group “Survival” Rate in River (to Head of Tide) Traditional Broodstock 80% New Broodstock 71% Naturally Reared 74% Fall CreekHead of Tide

“Survival” Rate by Release Group Survival Rate in Estuary (Head of Tide to Jaws) Traditional Broodstock 44% New Broodstock 59% Naturally Reared 53% Fall CreekHead of Tide

“Survival” Rate by Release Group Survival Rate to Ocean Traditional Broodstock 35% New Broodstock 42% Naturally Reared 39% Head of TideFall Creek

Number Released In-River Mortality Estuary Mortality Smolts to Ocean Traditional B. Stock 60,00012,00026,88021,000 New B. Stock 60,00017,40017,46625,200 Total120,00029,40044,34646,200 Hypothetical Release and Resulting Mortality

Number Released In-River Mortality Estuary Mortality Smolts to Ocean Ocean Mortality Adult Return Trad. B. Stock 60,00012,00026,88021,000 New B. Stock 60,00017,40017,46625,200 Total120,00029,40044,34646,200 Hypothetical Release and Resulting Mortality ~41, ,200 38,200 ~5,000 – 8,000 8,000

Number Released In-River Mortality Estuary Mortality Smolts to Ocean Ocean Mortality Adult Return Trad. B. Stock 60,00012,00026,88021,000 New B. Stock 60,00017,40017,46625,200 Total120,00029,40044,34646,200 Hypothetical Release and Resulting Mortality ~41, ,200 38,200 ~5,000 – 8,000 8,000 (26 %) (39 %) (35 %)

V7 vs V9 Transmitters Results Detection Rate at Receiver Arrays Migration Rate by Release Group “Survival” Rate by Release Group Estuary Residence by Release Group

Migration Rate by Release Group Fall CreekHead of Tide Mean Min. Max Traditional Broodstock New Broodstock Naturally Reared

River Migration Rate vs Size of Smolts New Hatchery Broodstock

Naturally Reared Smolts River Migration Rate vs Size of Smolts

V7 vs V9 Transmitters Results Detection Rate at Receiver Arrays Migration Rate by Release Group “Survival” Rate by Release Group Estuary Residence by Release Group

Estuary Residence Survivors vs Non-Survivors 198mm 199mm 195mm 197mm 170mm 172mm

Estuary Residence vs Size of Fish New Hatchery Broodstock

Estuary Residence vs Size of Fish Naturally Reared Smolts

ConclusionsSurvival: All 3 groups showed significant mortality prior to entering ocean (58-65%) For Hatchery Releases, In River/Estuary mortality higher than Ocean mortality: In River Mortality: 26% Estuary Mortality: 39% Ocean Mortality: 34%

ConclusionsSurvival: Traditional vs New Broodstock: In-River “Survival”: Trad. B. Stock: Highest New Broodstock Lowest (small, non- migrants?) Estuary Survival: Trad. B. Stock: Lowest New B. Stock: Highest

Conclusions Survival: Survival: Trad. B.Stock vs New B.Stock vs Nat. Reared: In-River “Survival”: Trad. B. Stock: Highest Nat. Reared New Broodstock Lowest (small, non- migrants?) Estuary Survival: Trad. B. Stock: Lowest Nat. Reared New B. Stock: Highest

Conclusions Migration Timing and Estuary Residence Migration Timing and Estuary Residence Average migration time through the river was days for all three release groups. Average migration time through the estuary was 2-8 days for successful migrants. Average migration time through the estuary was 2-8 days for successful migrants. Hatchery reared smolts stayed in estuary longer than naturally reared smolts. Hatchery reared smolts stayed in estuary longer than naturally reared smolts. Fish that remained in estuary longer suffered higher mortality. Fish that remained in estuary longer suffered higher mortality. Estuary residence time was not related to fish size. Estuary residence time was not related to fish size.

Acknowledgments Polly Rankin and ODFW Marine Program Funding: Restoration and Enhancement Program Oregon Hatchery Research Center

DownstreamUpstream ? %

Alsea Winter Steelhead Harvest & Corresponding Smolt Release