8.1 © 2004 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems 8/e Chapter 8 Telecommunications and Networks 8 8 TELECOMMUNICATIONSANDNETWORKS Chapter

8.2 © 2004 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems 8/e Chapter 8 Telecommunications and Networks What technologies are used in telecommunications systems?What technologies are used in telecommunications systems? What telecommunications transmission media should our organization use?What telecommunications transmission media should our organization use? How should our organization design its networks?How should our organization design its networks? OBJECTIVES

8.3 © 2004 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems 8/e Chapter 8 Telecommunications and Networks What alternative network services are available to our organization?What alternative network services are available to our organization? What telecommunications applications can be used for electronic commerce and electronic business?What telecommunications applications can be used for electronic commerce and electronic business? OBJECTIVES

8.4 © 2004 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems 8/e Chapter 8 Telecommunications and Networks Managing LANsManaging LANs Managing bandwidthManaging bandwidth MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES

8.5 © 2004 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems 8/e Chapter 8 Telecommunications and Networks COMPONENTS AND FUNCTIONS OF A TELECOMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM Telecommunications: Communication of information by electronic meansCommunication of information by electronic means Includes digital data transmission as well as voice transmissionIncludes digital data transmission as well as voice transmission

8.6 © 2004 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems 8/e Chapter 8 Telecommunications and Networks COMPONENTS AND FUNCTIONS OF A TELECOMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM Computers to process informationComputers to process information Terminals or any input/output devices that send or receive dataTerminals or any input/output devices that send or receive data Communications processorsCommunications processors Communications softwareCommunications software Telecommunications System Components

8.7 © 2004 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems 8/e Chapter 8 Telecommunications and Networks COMPONENTS AND FUNCTIONS OF A TELECOMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM

8.8 © 2004 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems 8/e Chapter 8 Telecommunications and Networks COMPONENTS AND FUNCTIONS OF A TELECOMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM Transmit informationTransmit information Establish interface between sender and the receiverEstablish interface between sender and the receiver Route messages along most efficient pathsRoute messages along most efficient paths Functions of Telecommunications Systems

8.9 © 2004 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems 8/e Chapter 8 Telecommunications and Networks COMPONENTS AND FUNCTIONS OF A TELECOMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM Perform elementary processing of informationPerform elementary processing of information Perform editorial tasks on dataPerform editorial tasks on data Convert message speed or formatConvert message speed or format Control flow of informationControl flow of information Functions of Telecommunications Systems

8.10 © 2004 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems 8/e Chapter 8 Telecommunications and Networks COMPONENTS AND FUNCTIONS OF A TELECOMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM Analog signal Continuous waveformContinuous waveform Passes through communications mediumPasses through communications medium Used for voice communicationsUsed for voice communications Types of Signals: Analog and Digital

8.11 © 2004 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems 8/e Chapter 8 Telecommunications and Networks COMPONENTS AND FUNCTIONS OF A TELECOMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM Digital signal Discrete waveformDiscrete waveform Transmits data coded into two discrete states as 1-bits and 0-bitsTransmits data coded into two discrete states as 1-bits and 0-bits Used for data communicationsUsed for data communicationsModem Translates computer’s digital signals into analog and vice versaTranslates computer’s digital signals into analog and vice versa Types of Signals: Analog and Digital

8.12 © 2004 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems 8/e Chapter 8 Telecommunications and Networks COMPONENTS AND FUNCTIONS OF A TELECOMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM

8.13 © 2004 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems 8/e Chapter 8 Telecommunications and Networks COMPONENTS AND FUNCTIONS OF A TELECOMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM Twisted wire: Telephone systemsTwisted wire: Telephone systems Coaxial cable: Cable televisionCoaxial cable: Cable television Fiber optics and optical networks: Dense wave division multiplexing (DWDM)Fiber optics and optical networks: Dense wave division multiplexing (DWDM) Communications Channels

8.14 © 2004 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems 8/e Chapter 8 Telecommunications and Networks COMPONENTS AND FUNCTIONS OF A TELECOMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM Wireless transmission: Microwave, Satellites, Paging systems, Cellular telephones, Personal communication Services, Personal digital assistants, Mobile data networksWireless transmission: Microwave, Satellites, Paging systems, Cellular telephones, Personal communication Services, Personal digital assistants, Mobile data networks Transmission speed: Baud, bandwidthTransmission speed: Baud, bandwidth Communications Channels

8.15 © 2004 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems 8/e Chapter 8 Telecommunications and Networks COMPONENTS AND FUNCTIONS OF A TELECOMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM

8.16 © 2004 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems 8/e Chapter 8 Telecommunications and Networks COMPONENTS AND FUNCTIONS OF A TELECOMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM

8.17 © 2004 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems 8/e Chapter 8 Telecommunications and Networks COMPONENTS AND FUNCTIONS OF A TELECOMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM Front-end processor: Manages communications for the host computerFront-end processor: Manages communications for the host computer Concentrator: Collects and temporarily stores messagesConcentrator: Collects and temporarily stores messages Controller: Supervises communication trafficController: Supervises communication traffic Multiplexer: Enables single communication channel to carry data transmissionsMultiplexer: Enables single communication channel to carry data transmissions Communications Processors and Software

8.18 © 2004 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems 8/e Chapter 8 Telecommunications and Networks COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS Star Network: All computers and other devices are connected to a central host computerStar Network: All computers and other devices are connected to a central host computer Bus Network: Links a number of computers by a single circuitBus Network: Links a number of computers by a single circuit Ring Network: All computers are linked by a closed loopRing Network: All computers are linked by a closed loop Network Topologies

8.19 © 2004 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems 8/e Chapter 8 Telecommunications and Networks COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS

8.20 © 2004 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems 8/e Chapter 8 Telecommunications and Networks COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS

8.21 © 2004 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems 8/e Chapter 8 Telecommunications and Networks COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS

8.22 © 2004 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems 8/e Chapter 8 Telecommunications and Networks Private Branch Exchanges Central switching systemCentral switching system Handle firm’s voice and digital communicationsHandle firm’s voice and digital communications Private Branch Exchanges, Local Area Networks (LANs), and Wide Area Networks (WANs) COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS

8.23 © 2004 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems 8/e Chapter 8 Telecommunications and Networks Local Area Networks Require their own dedicated channelsRequire their own dedicated channels Encompass a limited distanceEncompass a limited distance Gateway, router, Network Operating System (NOS), peer-to-peerGateway, router, Network Operating System (NOS), peer-to-peer Private Branch Exchanges, Local Area Networks (LANs), and Wide Area Networks (WANs) COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS

8.24 © 2004 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems 8/e Chapter 8 Telecommunications and Networks COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS

8.25 © 2004 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems 8/e Chapter 8 Telecommunications and Networks Wireless LANs Wi-Fi (802.11b) standard: Up to 11 Mbps, low cost, high-speed mobile Internet access, links work groupsWi-Fi (802.11b) standard: Up to 11 Mbps, low cost, high-speed mobile Internet access, links work groups Bluetooth standard: Up to 720 Kbps, small personal area networksBluetooth standard: Up to 720 Kbps, small personal area networks Private Branch Exchanges, Local Area Networks (LANs), and Wide Area Networks (WANs) COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS

8.26 © 2004 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems 8/e Chapter 8 Telecommunications and Networks Wide Area Networks (WANs) Span large geographical distanceSpan large geographical distance Consist of variety of cable, satellite, and microwave technologiesConsist of variety of cable, satellite, and microwave technologies Switched lines, dedicated linesSwitched lines, dedicated lines Private Branch Exchanges, Local Area Networks (LANs), and Wide Area Networks (WANs) COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS

8.27 © 2004 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems 8/e Chapter 8 Telecommunications and Networks Value-Added Networks (VANs) Private, multipath, data-only, third-party-managed networkPrivate, multipath, data-only, third-party-managed network Other Network Services Packet switching, Frame Relay, Asynchronous transfer mode (ATM)Packet switching, Frame Relay, Asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN), Digital subscriber line (DSL), Cable modems, T1 line - BroadbandIntegrated Services Digital Network (ISDN), Digital subscriber line (DSL), Cable modems, T1 line - Broadband Network Services and Broadband Technologies COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS

8.28 © 2004 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems 8/e Chapter 8 Telecommunications and Networks COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS

8.29 © 2004 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems 8/e Chapter 8 Telecommunications and Networks Converged network Enables voice, video and data to run over a single networkEnables voice, video and data to run over a single network Unified messaging System combining voice messages, , and faxSystem combining voice messages, , and fax Network Convergence COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS

8.30 © 2004 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems 8/e Chapter 8 Telecommunications and Networks Electronic Mail and Groupware Eliminates telephone tag and costly long-distance telephone charges Eliminates telephone tag and costly long-distance telephone charges Groupware: Enables work groups at different locations to participate in discussion forums and work on shared documents and projectsGroupware: Enables work groups at different locations to participate in discussion forums and work on shared documents and projects Electronic Commerce and Electronic Business Technologies ELECTRONIC COMMERCE AND ELECTRONIC BUSINESS TECHNOLOGIES

8.31 © 2004 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems 8/e Chapter 8 Telecommunications and Networks Voice Mail and Fax Voice mail: Digitizes spoken message and transmits it over a networkVoice mail: Digitizes spoken message and transmits it over a network Fax: Digitizes and transmits documents over telephone linesFax: Digitizes and transmits documents over telephone lines Electronic Commerce and Electronic Business Technologies ELECTRONIC COMMERCE AND ELECTRONIC BUSINESS TECHNOLOGIES

8.32 © 2004 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems 8/e Chapter 8 Telecommunications and Networks Teleconferencing, data conferencing, and videoconferencing Teleconferencing: Ability to confer with a group of people simultaneouslyTeleconferencing: Ability to confer with a group of people simultaneously Data conferencing: Two or more users can edit and modify data files simultaneouslyData conferencing: Two or more users can edit and modify data files simultaneously Videoconferencing: Participants are able to see each other over video screensVideoconferencing: Participants are able to see each other over video screens Electronic Commerce and Electronic Business Technologies ELECTRONIC COMMERCE AND ELECTRONIC BUSINESS TECHNOLOGIES

8.33 © 2004 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems 8/e Chapter 8 Telecommunications and Networks Digital information services, distance learning and E-Learning Distance learning: Education or training delivered over a distance to individuals in one or more locationsDistance learning: Education or training delivered over a distance to individuals in one or more locations E-learning: Instruction delivered online using the Internet or private networksE-learning: Instruction delivered online using the Internet or private networks Electronic Commerce and Electronic Business Technologies ELECTRONIC COMMERCE AND ELECTRONIC BUSINESS TECHNOLOGIES

8.34 © 2004 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems 8/e Chapter 8 Telecommunications and Networks Direct computer-to-computer exchange between two organizations of standard business transaction documentsDirect computer-to-computer exchange between two organizations of standard business transaction documents Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) ELECTRONIC COMMERCE AND ELECTRONIC BUSINESS TECHNOLOGIES

8.35 © 2004 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems 8/e Chapter 8 Telecommunications and Networks ELECTRONIC COMMERCE AND ELECTRONIC BUSINESS TECHNOLOGIES

8.36 © 2004 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems 8/e Chapter 8 Telecommunications and Networks 8 8 TELECOMMUNICATIONSANDNETWORKS Chapter