Warm-Up #2 5/3/13 1) What does it mean to classify something? 2) Which is larger in the classification system: Kingdom or Domain? 3) What is taxonomy? 4) What are four characterisitcs of living things? 5) What kingdom does Humans and Animals belong?

TODAY  We will complete the Classification Notes Today  After words you can work on the Unit 11 Vocab  OR organize your binder and discard the folder  OR work on your homework for tonight  Vocab quiz moved to Tuesday, included on the Quiz will be Notes #1

Semester Exam Exemption Policy  For a “A” average– you can not have more then 8 excused absences  For a “B” average- you can not have more then 4 excused absences  If you have been suspended or received ISS you will not be exempt  If you have 1 or more unexcused absences you WILL NOT be exempt

Students CURRENTLY Exempt from the Biology Exam  1 st Period  Jack  Paola  Mitchell  3 rd Period  Trevor  Jon Michael  Dustin  Larissa  Nerissa  Clent  Diamond  Donyell  Alex Terrell  4 th Period  Hannah  Nichole  Lindsey  Maddie McGuire  Abby  Wilson  5 th Period  Taijah  Austin  Logan  6 th Period  Jordan  Shelbey  KaDacia  Sharon  Elisabeth  Emily

Classification and Taxonomy Chapter 18

What’s It All About?  Essential Question:  Why is classifying living things useful?  Objectives:  Explain how living things are classified for study  Describe bionmial nomenclature  Explain Linnaeus’s system of classification and the 3 domain system  Classify objects using a dichotomous key

Classification vs. Taxonomy  Classification:  Name organisms  Group organisms in a logical manner  Taxonomy  Discipline that gives every organism a universally accepted name.

A World in Chaos!!!  With all the scientist coming up with new discoveries, someone had to come up with a way to put them in a LOGICAL order

Who’s the Man  Carolus Linnaeus  Brought order to a confusing situation  Created a hierarchical (in order) system of classification  7 levels  Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species  Each level is called a taxon

Linnaeus’s Hierarchy KINGDOM Animalia PHYLUM Chordata CLASS Mammalia ORDER Carnivora FAMILY Ursidae GENUS Ursus SPECIES Ursus arctos

We Remember It…  King  Phillip  Came  Over  For  Grape  Soda

How’d He Do It?  Developed binomial nomenclature— naming system  Bi—two Nom—name  Latin 2 part scientific name  Genus first, THEN species  Written in italics  Example: Homo sapiens

Domains and Kingdoms  Linnaeus originally had 2 kingdoms— Plantae and Animalia.  Did not represent the full diversity of life  Science and technology have made scientists increase the number of kingdoms from 2 to 6.

Three-Domain System  Domains are based on molecular structure between organisms.  Domain—category larger than a kingdom  Eukarya—Protists, Fungi, Plants, Animals  Bacteria—Eubacteria  Archaea--Archaebacteria

Domain Bacteria  Unicellular  Prokaryotic  Thick, Rigid Cell Wall  Petidoglycan  Ecology Diverse—Free living to deadly parasites  Autotrophs and Heterotrophs  Need Oxygen—Die in Oxygen

Domain Archaea  Unicellular  Prokarytoic  Live in Extreme Environments  Extremophiles  Can survive only in absence of oxygen  Lack Peptidoglycan

Domain Eukarya  Consist of all organisms that have a nucleus  Protists—organisms that cannot be classified in other kingdoms  Fungi—Heterotrophs  Plantae—Multicellular, photosynthetic  Animalia—Multicellular, heterotrophs

Living things Bacteria Eubacteria Eukarya Protista Fungi Plantae Animalia Archaea Archaebacteria Domains are in orange. Kingdoms are in white.

Characteristics of Living Things 1. Made of cells 2. Reproduce 3. Based on universal genetic code 4. Grow and develop 5. Obtain materials and use energy 6. Respond to their environment 7. Maintain stable internal environment (Homeostasis) 8. As a group, they change over time (Adapt/Evolve)

How To Classify Things  Dichotomous Key: Paired statements to identify unknown objects or organisms  Statements describe specific characteristics of different organisms.

Warm-Up #1 5/2/13 1) What is a vertebrate? 2) What is an invertebrate? 3) Name two types of microscopic organisms. 4) What characteristics do mammals have that are different from other animals?