REVIEW 5 TH GRADE

Theory of Unique origin – Proposed by Ales Hrdlicka Ideas: First settlers entered Alaska through the Bering Strait. Supported by physical characteristics of Asian and Alaskan Native Americans. Not supported because the oldest humans bones found in the Americas have been discovered in Central and South America. Theory of Australian migration – Proposed by Antonio Mendes Correa. Idea: First inhabitants of the Americas came from Australia and Tasmania People would have passed through Antarctica before getting to South America. Theory of multiple origins Proposed by Paul Rivet. Idea: Some people crossed the Bering Strait and some crossed the Pacific Ocean from Australia.

Melanesians – people who lived on a group of islands around Australia. Share similar words objects and physical traits with tribes in the Brazil. Archeologist – A person that studies the remains of Ancient Civilization. Paleontologist – A person who studies fossils. Anthropology – A person that studies the social and biological aspects of human beings. Glaciation – occurs when the Earth’s temperature drops to very low levels and only snow falls not rain. Bering Strait – land Bridge that connects the Pacific and Artic ocean between Russia and Alaska.

Megafauna – large animals that live mostly in Prehistoric times. First settlers – Were nomads hunter and gathers Created tools from materials such as bone, wood, mud, metal, and stone Invasion – The action of entering a place by force. Migration – leaving their country for many reasons. Ethnic group is a group of people who shares the same customs. Language, and culture. Race – A group of people identified as distinct from other groups because of supposed physical or genetic traits shared by the group.

Latin – Cultures from countries conquered by Spain and Portugal. Mulatto – Person who has parents or ancestors that are of African and European descent. Slaves – brought by the European to the Americas from Africa to do hard work. Mestizaje – mixing of cultures Mestizaje in Puerto Rico – main mestizaje: Taino, African, European.

Identify to which part of the Americas each country belongs to: North America = NACentral America: CA South America: SA _____________ Colombia _____________ Venezuela _____________ Alaska _____________ Belize ______________ México _______________ Chile _______________ Panama _______________ ______________ Brazil _______________ United States ______________ Peru _______________ Honduras _______________ Costa Rica _______________ Argentina _______________ Nicaragua _______________ Bolivia

Trace with different colors the routes that humans took to get to the Americas, according to the most accepted theories on how the Americas were populated. (theory of unique origin and theory of multiple origins)