Pediatric Palliative Care C C E E N N L L E E Neurological Autonomic dysregulation Dystonias Restlessness/agitation Seizure
Pediatric Palliative Care C C E E N N L L E E Restlessness/Agitation Provide routine, comfort and support Decrease stimulation Pharmacologic Non-pharmacologic Relaxation Massage
Pediatric Palliative Care C C E E N N L L E E Seizures Frightening for parents to witness May be caused by an electrolyte imbalance, drug toxicity, meningitis, or CNS tumor Tonic/clonic or may present as staring/eye deviation, lip smacking or other repetitive movements
Pediatric Palliative Care C C E E N N L L E E Dyspnea Distressing shortness of breath Breathlessness Associated diseases
Pediatric Palliative Care C C E E N N L L E E Causes of Dyspnea Major pulmonary causes Major cardiac causes Major neuromuscular causes Other causes
Pediatric Palliative Care C C E E N N L L E E Assessment of Dyspnea Use subjective report Clinical assessment Physical exam Diagnostic tests
Pediatric Palliative Care C C E E N N L L E E Treatment of Dyspnea Treating symptoms or underlying cause Pharmacologic treatments
Pediatric Palliative Care C C E E N N L L E E Treatment of Dyspnea Non-pharmacologic Oxygen Pursed lip breathing Energy conservation Fans, elevation Counseling Other
Pediatric Palliative Care C C E E N N L L E E Freedom
Pediatric Palliative Care C C E E N N L L E E Terminal Respirations Agonal or cheyne-stokes breathing Use an anti-cholinergic medication for excess secretions Provide family support
Pediatric Palliative Care C C E E N N L L E E Fathers Watch