The New Deal By: Mr. Mitchell

What was the New Deal??  Programs approved and brought upon by Franklin Delano Roosevelt to help out with those affected by the Great Depression

FDIC  Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation  FDR closes all banks in the US for 4 DAYS!!!  Federal government will insures one’s money if lost in banks.  Insures individual bank deposits.  How much money would the FDIC insure bank deposits for in the 1930s? $5000  What about today? $250,000

Tennessee Valley Authority  Americans living in the Tennessee River Valley were among the poorest in the nation.  The TVA built a series of dams in the Tennessee River Valley to control floods and to generate power.  Also replanted forests, built fertilizer plants, created jobs and attracted industry with the promise of cheap power.  The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) was created to offer work to more than 2 million young men.

CCC Auto- Mechanics Training in Wisconsin. TVA: Big Ridge Dam in Tennessee CWA: String Quartet Fundamentals class in Minnesota

The Second New Deal  The U.S. was one of the only industrialized countries not to have some form of pension program for the elderly.  The Social Security Act provided pension, unemployment insurance as well as insurance for work- related injuries.  Works Progress Administration(WPA) – Created new jobs by rebuilding roads, harbors, water conservations, etc.

Court-Packing  In 1935, the Supreme Court killed both the NRA (not National Rifle Association)  Court-reorganization plan: “Court Packing” Plan, 70.5 years old, add 6 justices  Outrage from many Republicans and Democrats, upset the checks and balances, bill was rejected.  Aftermath: Starting in 1937, the Courts upheld the constitutionality of various New Deal laws. (Wagner & Social Security)

Labor Unions  The Wagner Act gave industrial workers the right to join labor unions.  Gave workers the right to collective bargain.  Created the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) to look into workers’ complaints.

Huey Long Opposes the New Deal Liberal Critics  Socialists opposed because they felt that the New Deal benefited businesses too much.  Huey Long a Senator from Louisiana supported his “Share the Wealth” program which proposed high taxes on big business.  Wanted money redistributed to the poor. Conservative Critics  Claimed the New Deal gave too much power to the government.  Business leaders opposed increased regulations, pro-union stance, and deficit spending.

Effects of the New Deal on Women and Native Americans  Frances Perkins was the 1st female cabinet member when she was the Secretary of Labor.  Eleanor Roosevelt becomes a major figure for the New Deal  Eleanor Roosevelt tried to ease racial tensions by sitting with black delegates at a conference.

Neutrality Act  Passed in response to the turmoil and issues in Europe during the 1930s.  Isolationism from Europe