Ionic Equations Most ionic compound dissociate (or break apart) when dissolved in water to form its component ions For example: NaCl (aq) really looks.

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Presentation transcript:

Ionic Equations Most ionic compound dissociate (or break apart) when dissolved in water to form its component ions For example: NaCl (aq) really looks like Na + (aq) and Cl - (aq)

Soluble Vs. Precipitate Soluble means that the compound breaks down into its ions in water Ex) NaCl is soluble so it forms Na + and Cl - Insoluble means that the compound doesn’t break down in water

Precipitate Reactions In double replacement reactions, often one of the product will be insoluble The insoluble product is referred to as a precipitate.

AgNO 3 (aq) + NaCl(aq) AgCl(s) + NaNO 3 (aq) What happens when you put AgNO 3 and NaCl in water?

AgNO 3 NaCl

AgNO 3 NaCl

AgNO 3 NaCl

AgNO 3 NaCl

AgNO 3 NaCl

AgNO 3 NaCl

AgNO 3 NaCl

Ag NO 3 Na Cl

Ag + NO 3 - Na + Cl -

Ag + NO 3 - Na + Cl -

Ag + NO 3 - Na + Cl -

Ag + NO 3 - Na + Cl -

Ag + NO 3 - Na + Cl -

Ag + NO 3 - Na + Cl -

Ag + NO 3 - Na + Cl -

Ag + NO 3 - Na + Cl -

Ag + NO 3 - Na + Cl -

Ag + NO 3 - Na + Cl -

Ag + NO 3 - Na + Cl -

Ag + NO 3 - Na + Cl -

Ag + NO 3 - Na + Cl -

AgCl NO 3 - Na +

AgCl NO 3 - Na +

AgCl NO 3 - Na +

AgCl NO 3 - Na + AgCl(s) precipitate

AgCl NO 3 - Na + AgCl(s) precipitate

AgCl NO 3 - Na +

AgCl NO 3 - Na +

AgCl NO 3 - Na +

AgCl NO 3 - Na +

AgCl NO 3 - Na +

AgCl NO 3 - Na +

AgCl NO 3 - Na +

AgCl NO 3 - Na +

AgCl NO 3 - Na +

AgNO 3 NaCl AgNO 3 NaCl AgNO 3 NaCl AgNO 3 NaCl AgNO 3 NaClAgNO 3 NaCl AgNO 3 NaCl

AgNO 3 NaCl AgNO 3 NaCl AgNO 3 NaCl AgNO 3 NaCl AgNO 3 NaClAgNO 3 NaCl AgNO 3 NaCl

AgNO 3 NaCl AgNO 3 NaCl AgNO 3 NaCl AgNO 3 NaCl AgNO 3 NaClAgNO 3 NaCl AgNO 3 NaCl

Ag + NO 3 - Na + Cl - AgNO 3 NaCl AgNO 3 NaCl AgNO 3 NaCl AgNO 3 NaCl AgNO 3 NaCl AgNO 3 NaCl AgNO 3 NaCl

Ag + NO 3 - Na + Cl - NaCl AgNO 3 NaCl AgNO 3 NaClAgNO 3 Ag + NO 3 - Na + Cl - Ag + NO 3 - Na + Cl - AgCl

Ag + NO 3 - Na + Cl - Ag + NO 3 - Na + Cl - Ag + NO 3 - Na + Cl - Ag + NO 3 - Na + Cl - Ag + NO 3 - Na + Cl - Ag + NO 3 - Na + Cl - Ag + AgCl Ag + Cl - Ag +

NO 3 - Na + Cl - NO 3 - Na + Ag + NO 3 - Na + Ag + NO 3 - Na + Cl - Na + NO 3 - Na + Cl - Ag + NO 3 - Na + NO 3 - Na + Cl - NO 3 - Na + AgCl Ag + Cl - Ag + Cl - Ag + Cl - Ag +

NO 3 - Na + NO 3 - Na + Ag + NO 3 - Na + Ag + NO 3 - Na + Cl - Na + NO 3 - Na + NO 3 - Na + NO 3 - Na + Cl - NO 3 - Na + Ag + Cl - Ag + Cl -

NO 3 - Na + NO 3 - Na + Ag + NO 3 - Na + Ag + NO 3 - Na + Cl - Na + NO 3 - Na + NO 3 - Na + NO 3 - Na + Cl - NO 3 - Na +

NO 3 - Na + NO 3 - Na + Ag + NO 3 - Na + Ag + NO 3 - Na + Cl - Na + NO 3 - Na + NO 3 - Na + NO 3 - Na + Cl - NO 3 - Na +

NO 3 - Na + NO 3 - Na + NO 3 - Na + NO 3 - Na + NO 3 - Na + NO 3 - Na + NO 3 - Na + NO 3 - Na +

NO 3 - Na + NO 3 - Na + NO 3 - Na + NO 3 - Na + NO 3 - Na + NO 3 - Na + NO 3 - Na + NO 3 - Na + AgCl(s)

NO 3 - Na + NO 3 - Na + NO 3 - Na + NO 3 - Na + NO 3 - Na + NO 3 - Na + NO 3 - Na + NO 3 - Na + AgCl(s)

NO 3 - Na + NO 3 - Na + NO 3 - Na + NO 3 - Na + NO 3 - Na + NO 3 - Na + NO 3 - Na + NO 3 - Na + AgCl(s)

Ionic Equations Continued To write a Complete Ionic Equation: Write the aqueous substances as ions (leave any substances in gas, liquids, & solids alone) Example: AgNO 3 (aq) + NaCl (aq)  AgCl (s) + NaNO 3 (aq)

Spectator Ions Spectator Ions-Ions that are not directly involved in a reaction Spectator ions show up on both sides of the equation Spectator Ions cancel out

NET Ionic Equations Net Ionic Equation-Indicate the particles that actually take part in a reaction The Net Ionic Equation does NOT include spectator ions Net Ionic Equations must be balanced according to atoms and charge

AgNO 3 (aq) + NaCl(aq) AgCl(s) + NaNO 3 (aq) ionic equation

AgNO 3 NaCl

Ag NO 3 Na Cl

Ag + NO 3 - Na + Cl -

Ag + NO 3 - Na + Cl -

Ag + NO 3 - Na + Cl -

Ag + NO 3 - Na + Cl -

Ag + NO 3 - Na + Cl -

Ag + NO 3 - Na + Cl -

Ag + NO 3 - Na + Cl -

Ag + NO 3 - Na + Cl -

Ag + NO 3 - Na + Cl -

Ag + NO 3 - Na + Cl -

Ag + NO 3 - Na + Cl -

Ag + NO 3 - Na + Cl -

Ag + Cl - NO 3 - Na + Reaction

NO 3 - Na + AgCl Reaction

NO 3 - Na + AgCl

NO 3 - Na + No Reaction

AgCl NO 3 - Na + No Reaction

AgCl NO 3 - Na + No Reaction

AgCl NO 3 - Na +

AgCl NO 3 - Na +

AgCl NO 3 - Na +

AgCl NO 3 - Na +

AgCl NO 3 - Na +

AgCl NO 3 - Na + These ions do not participate in the reaction. They are called SPECTATOR IONS

Ag + Cl -

Ag + Cl -

Ag + Cl -

Ag + Cl -

Ag + Cl -

Ag + Cl -

Ag + Cl -

Ag + Cl -

AgCl

The net ionic equation is constructed from the ionic equation:

No 3 - and Na + are not participating in the reaction

net ionic equation Ag + ( aq ) + Cl - ( aq )

net ionic equation Ag + ( aq ) + Cl - ( aq ) Ag + and Cl - are reacting to form

net ionic equation Ag + ( aq ) + Cl - ( aq ) Ag + and Cl - are reacting to form

net ionic equation