PHYS 205 Multiple Star Systems PHYS 205 Binary systems Question: Why are the binaries important?? Answer: They allow us to measure the mass of other.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Introduction to Binary Stars Steve B. Howell NOAO.

Advertisements

1. absolute brightness - the brightness a star would have if it were 10 parsecs from Earth.

ASTROPHYSICS SUMMARY.

Binary Systems and Stellar Parameters The Classification of Binary Stars Mass Determination using visual Binaries Eclipsing,Spectroscopic Binaries The.

This set of slides This set of slides continues star characteristics, binary stars, size, mass and luminosity of stars, the HR diagram. Units covered:

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Clicker Questions Chapter 10 Measuring the Stars.

Binary Stars Astronomy 315 Professor Lee Carkner Lecture 9.

Binary Stars Astronomy 315 Professor Lee Carkner Lecture 9.

The Stars: A Celestial Census

The Properties of Stars Masses. Using Newton’s Law of Gravity to Determine the Mass of a Celestial Body Newton’s law of gravity, combined with his laws.

The Family of Stars Chapter 8:. Organizing the Family of Stars: The Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram We know: Stars have different temperatures, different.

22 March 2005 AST 2010: Chapter 171 The Stars: A Celestial Census.

Properties of Stars How do we measure stellar luminosities?

Properties of Stars. Distance Luminosity (intrinsic brightness) Temperature (at the surface) Radius Mass.

Introduction to Astrophysics Lecture 9: Stellar classification and stellar physics The Sun seen in X-rays.

The Nature of the Stars Chapter 19. Parallax.

7.3 Circular Motion and Gravity pp Mr. Richter.

Need 2 out of 3 to measure TOTAL MASS: 1)orbit period (P) 2)orbit size (A or r = radius) 3)orbit speed (v) For circular orbits, Kepler’s Third Law:

The mass ratio of the stellar components of a spectroscopic binary can be directly computed from their ratio in radial velocities. To derive the total.

Circular Motion and Gravity Physics 201 Lecture 5.

Chapter 13: Taking the Measure of Stars Stars come in a wide range of temperatures, sizes, masses and colors. The constellation of Orion is a good example.

Astronomy 1020 Stellar Astronomy Spring_2015 Day-26.

Hosted by Mrs. Brady Earth In Space Gravity & Motion Phases, Eclipes, & Tides Earth’s Moon

STARS By Bodin Lay. Types of Stars Main Sequence Stars - The main sequence is the point in a star's evolution during which it maintains a stable nuclear.

Laws of Motion and Energy Chapter Seven: Gravity and Space 7.1 Gravity 7.2 The Solar System 7.3 The Sun and the Stars.

Binary Stars. Double Stars/Binary Stars Binary Star Double Star Earth.

Measuring the Masses of Stars Binary Star Systems.

Properties of Stars.

Measuring the Mass of Stars Physics 113 Goderya Chapter(s): 9 Learning Outcomes:

Kepler’s laws, Gravitational attraction, and projectile motion.

BINARIES Read Your Textbook: Foundations of Astronomy

BINARY STARS How they help us to determine the mass of stars and the size of our galaxy.

1 Stars Stars are very far away. The nearest star is over 270,000 AU away! ( Pluto is 39 AU from the Sun ) That is equal to 25 trillion miles! At this.

Albireo: The Boy Scout star Chapter 5: Binary stars and stellar masses.

H-R Diagram Jan 9, 2013 Lecture (A). HERTZSPRUNG–RUSSELL DIAGRAM The relationship between the luminosities and temperatures of stars was discovered early.

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 10 Measuring the Stars.

Stars: Binary Systems. Binary star systems allow the determination of stellar masses. The orbital velocity of stars in a binary system reflect the stellar.

The Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram

Stars Luminous gaseous celestial body – spherical in shape held by its own gravity.

Daily Science Pg.30 Write a formula for finding eccentricity. Assign each measurement a variable letter. If two focus points are 450 km away from one another.

Binary Orbits. Orbits Binary Stellar Systems 1/3 to 2/3 of stars in binary systems Rotate around center of mass (barycenter) Period - days to years for.

Stars come in all sizes, small, large and even larger.

Intro to Astrophysics Dr. Bill Pezzaglia 1 Updated: Nov 2007.

Movement. Doppler Effect the apparent change in wavelength of light that occurs when the object is moving toward or away from the Earth. Using the spectroscope,

Binary stars and clusters Chapter 11. Review Properties of stars –apparent brightness (apparent magnitude) measure energy/area/second –luminosity (absolute.

Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation

Chapter 11: Characterizing Stars

Three types of binary stars. Visual binaries – Stars that are far enough apart that they can be seen as separate stars through a telescope. They typically.

Chapter 11: Chapter 11: Characterizing Stars. How near is the closest star other than the Sun? How near is the closest star other than the Sun? Is the.

Properties of Stars. "There are countless suns and countless earths all rotating around their suns in exactly the same way as the seven planets of our.

Discovering the Universe Eighth Edition Discovering the Universe Eighth Edition Neil F. Comins William J. Kaufmann III CHAPTER 11 Characterizing Stars.

© 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Announcements Quiz 6 due Monday – this covers stars, Chapter 10

Homework #8 1) Suppose a comet of mass 2000 kg smashed into the Sun. It was measured to be traveling at 10 km/s. How much momentum was transferred to.

NOTES: Spectral Class (Color-Temperature Class):

Daily Science Weight and mass are not the same thing.

Binary Star System Andriy Razinkov

Binary Stars Hypothesis. Masses of Stars  While we can find the radius of a star from the Stefan-Boltzmann Law, we still do not know the mass  How do.

Chapter 9: The Family of Stars

Binary Stars Palomar Observatory.

Learning Goals: 4. Complex Knowledge: demonstrations of learning that go aboveand above and beyond what was explicitly taught. 3. Knowledge: meeting.

Earth’s motion.

Universal Gravitation

Lecture 18 – October 8, 2003 How We Determine Masses of Stars

Laws of Motion and Energy

Binary stars and clusters

Stellar Masses.

Learning Goals: 4. Complex Knowledge: demonstrations of learning that go aboveand above and beyond what was explicitly taught. 3. Knowledge: meeting.

Presentation transcript:

PHYS 205 Multiple Star Systems

PHYS 205 Binary systems Question: Why are the binaries important?? Answer: They allow us to measure the mass of other stars. Using the Moon’s orbit we can calculate Earth’s mass: Centripetal force:F = M m v 2 /R m Gravitational force:F = GM e M m /R m 2 Gravitational Force = Centripetal Force  M e = v 2 R m /G Similarly we can calculate the Sun’s mass using Earth’s orbit.  We need at least two object rotating around each other to calculate the mass of them.

PHYS 205 Visual Binaries Some binaries are close enough to be seen separately  Visual Binaries Castor system is an example. Observed by Hershell in The binary can have any angle of sight towards us (the observer).

PHYS 205 Motion of the Center of Mass It is very rare to be able to observe both of the stars of a pair. We usually detect the influence of the unseen companion  Astrometric binaries.

PHYS 205 Spectroscopic Binaries If the plane of rotation of the binaries is parallel to our line of sight, we might not see them, but their light will give us enough info about their nature.

PHYS 205 Eclipsing Binaries If the angle is close to 90 degrees, the two stars can eclipse each other  eclipsing binaries. Using the eclipsing binaries we can find the diameter of stars.

PHYS 205 Measuring the Diameter From the shape of the light curve and the duration of the eclipse we can calculate the diameter of the larger star. Not only binaries, but also planet systems are discovered this way. We can also use the Stefan-Boltzmann law L = 4   R 2 T 4. From the amount of light we are receiving, we measure the luminosity, and from the spectral analysis, we measure the color of the star and determine its temperature  we can calculate the diameter indirectly.

PHYS 205 Algol Binary

PHYS 205 Mass-Luminosity Relation From the study of the binaries we learn the mass of the stars. When we plot the mass of the stars vs. the light we receive from them, we see that there is a very strong dependence of luminosity on mass. Luminosity  Mass 3.5 We have discovered this relationship using the binaries, however, it is not unique to binaries, but it can be applied to all the main sequence stars.