PICORNAVIRIDAE.

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Presentation transcript:

PICORNAVIRIDAE

PICORNAVIRIDAE Plus sense s- s RNA 25 -30 nm Resistant : pH 3 to 9 (except for Rhinoviruses). replicates : cytoplasm.

Electron Micrograph of Picornaviruses 3

Members of the Picornaviridae Cause Many Serious Diseases of Man and Animals Genus: Enterovirus - Poliovirus : 3 types cause paralysis. Genus: Rhinovirus - cause respiratory tract infections cause colds in humans (110 types) and pigs. Genus: Hepatovirus - Hepatitis A Genus: Cardiovirus - cause heart and brain inflammation in rodent Genus: Apthovirus - Foot and mouth disease, most in Africa.

Enteroviruses Polioviruses Coxsackieviruses Echoviruses 3 serotypes Coxsackieviruses Group A, 23 serotypes Group B, 6 serotypes Echoviruses 32 serotypes New enteroviruses 4 serotypes (68-71) 5

Poliovirus 4 فرم کلینیکی 1- پولیومیلیت عقیم (Abortive infection) : شایع ترین ( 90% موارد عفونت) ، علائم عمومی عفونت ها 2- پولیومیلیت غیر فلجی (Aseptic Meningitis) :9% موارد: علاوه بر علائم عمومی علائمی چون سفتی گردن و احساس درد در در پشت گردن 3- پولیومیلیت فلجی (Flaccid paralysis) : اختلال در تعادل و فلج 4- آترفی عضلانی پیشرونده بعد از پولیومیلیت: دهه ها پس از بروز پولیومیلیت فلجی که علت آن: تغییرات فیزیولوژیک و پیر شدن عضلات بیماران مبتلا است که عملکرد های عصبی – عضلانی اسیب می بیند. 6

ایمنی : اختصاصی به تیپ ( آنتی بادی های تولید بر علیه VP1 دارای سه مرحله اپیدمیولوژیک: اندمیک اپیدمیک واکسیناسیون شایع تابستان وپاییز و زمستان نادر و دوران شیرخوارگی ( بعد از 6 ماه اول زندگی) تنها مخزن : انسان پیشگیری : واکسن سابین و یا سالک

Coxsackievirus

Coxsackieviruses : infect the human intestines can cause symptoms throughout the body. The incubation period : 2 to 10 days Symptoms Hand-foot-and-mouth disease mainly affecting young children Rash. Nonspecific fever, headache Herpangina. Respiratory Infection. Gastrointestinal Infection.

Hand-foot-and-mouth disease

rash conjunctivitis Herpangina

Viral myocarditis Meningitis

Transmission Coxsackieviruses are present both in the stool and in the respiratory secretions Fecal-oral transmission Droplet transmission Contact transmission

Prevention no vaccine Hand washing is the best prevention

Treatment Plenty of fluids is useful Acetaminophen :minor pains Most children with a simple coxsackie infection recover completely after a few days at home.