Shoulder Injuries Part I Sports Medicine I

Fractures Occur due to direct blow Indirect blow-falling on outstretched hand Clavicle Humerus Scapula Sternum Force distributed to all four shoulder joints Clavicle commonly fx at middle third Stabilize and refer to MD for x-ray

Dislocations Most injuries result in anterior dislocation Damage to vessels and nerves can be a problem Common MOI is abduction and external rotation Supporting ligaments and muscles can be torn Must be reduced by MD Muscles must be strengthened after injury to prevent re-occurance

Separation (Sprain) An injury to a non-moveable joint Grades First SC AC CC Grades First Second Third

AC Sprain AC sprain is most common MOI: falling on outstretched hand or on top of the shoulder First degree-no deformity Second degree-clavicle displacement Third degree- obvious displacement; surgery may be required

Muscular Strains Muscular strains are common due to the many movements PRICES basic treatment Common causes Lack of strength Repetitive overuse Improper technique Inadequate warm-up

Contusions of the Shoulder Both muscles and bones are often bruised Clavicle is especially susceptible Rule out AC sprain PRICES Pad for protection

Brachial Plexus Injury Often seen in football Stretching or contusion of one or more of the brachial plexus nerves Innervates neck and extremities Burning sensation extends from point of injury into the arm Results in temporary loss of function and numbness Must be removed from competition Medical clearance must be obtained before athletic participation