Ch. 27: The Path of Empire Imperialism & Empire. Imperialism of Righteousness or “Whiteousness”?

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Presentation transcript:

Ch. 27: The Path of Empire Imperialism & Empire

Imperialism of Righteousness or “Whiteousness”?

Imperialism Controlling another country politically, economically, and militarily Why?

Three factors of Imperialism* 1.Economic competition among industrial nations a.Need for raw material b.new markets for their products (people to sell it to). c.America selling more than it was buying; increase trade/reduce tariffs 2. Political and Military competition Strong navy and strategic locations for refueling (pacific islands) 3. Racial Superiority a. Anglo-Saxonism: English-speaking nations had superior character, ideas, and systems of gov’t b. Manifest destiny * Not all Americans believed in imperialism

Josiah Strong Our Country: It’s Powerful Future and it’s Present Crisis a. Religion needed to solve social ills b. Supported imperialism: “White America…divinely commissioned to be his brothers keeper.” C. Anglo-Saxon superiority

Overseas Empire 1.Commercial gains! 2.Good neighbor policy: US to intervene in LA if local gov’t not able to handle revolts/uprisings 3.Want to keep European nations out of LA. Why? 4.Alfred T. Mahan – The Influence of Sea Power Great White Fleet = great power Alfred T. Mahan

Pan-American Conference: Latin America & the U.S. (1889) 1.Increase the sale of American goods in LA 2.Worked towards peace and increase trade between US and LA countries by lowering tariffs 3.Ulterior motive: Keep Europeans out of the Western Hemisphere = Monroe Doctrine 4.LA countries created Organization of American States- promotes cooperation between countries in W. Hem.

U.S., Britain, & Venezuela Enhanced Monroe Doctrine

Queen Lil’: “Hawaii for Hawaiians” 1.US needed a pit stop to Asia/refuel 2.Sugar plantations owned by Americans 3.McKinley Tariff Queen Lil’ dethroned by planters; supported by marines 5.replaced w/ Sanford Dole 6. Hawaii allowed for construction of Pearl Harbor : Hawaii formally an American territory

The Spanish-American War McKinley’s “Splendid Little War” Short, inexpensive, few causalities, great gains

America and Cuba 1.Why was U.S. so interested in Cuba? 2.Sugar cane plantations = big business; major buyer 3. Jose Marti a.Cuban rebel lived in NY b.wanted independence from Spain

America Supports Rebels 1.William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer a.Told stories about mistreatment of Cubans b. Yellow journalism practiced = c. Amer. support of Cubans d. Reminded of the American Revolution 2. Spanish Gen. Weyler “The Butcher” – placed thousands of Cubans in concentration camps

More reasons to support Cuba 1.Pres. McKinley send USS Maine to Havana in case Spanish loyalist attack Americans in Cuba 2.The De Lome letter, by Spanish ambassador, criticizes Pres. McKinley as “weak” 3.USS Maine battleship explodes; Spain blamed 4.Jingoism – aggressive nationalism, supports war 5.April 25, 1898 “lets get ready to rumbllllllllllllle” even though Spain was willing to negotiate w/US

A Two-Front War 1. U.S. declares war on Spain a.First battle, in Philippines; Spanish colony; wanted independence from Spain; on Teddy Roosevelt’s orders b.Helped by rebel Emilio Aguinaldo 2. Spain surrenders to Americans not Philippines! Emilio Aguinaldo Commander George Dewey

TR & the Rough Riders

The real commander of the Rough Riders Col. Leonard Woods

African Americans in Cuba

American Deaths 400 to bullets/ >5,000 to disease

Missions: Christianity & Commerce

Anti-Imperialist League United States represents democracy and self determination

White Man’s Burden Rudyard Kipling (poem) 1. Civilization v. Savagery

Organic Act aka Foraker Act (1900) Est. a civilian government with an appointed governor and supreme court; an elected lower house.

Insular Cases How far does the Constitution reach? Full constitutional rights do not automatically extend to all places under U.S. control

Teller Amendment McKinley’s war message It placed a condition of the United States military in Cuba. According to the clause, the U.S. could not annex Cuba but only leave "control of the island to its people.“

Platt Amendment 1. Conditions added to the Cuban constitution. a.Pay back debts to US; not get into debt with other nations b.No treaties w/other country c.Allowed US to intervene/protect when necessary d.Guantanamo Bay 2.Protectorate – country whose affairs are partially controlled by a stronger country 3.Repealed in 1934

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