Egyptian Civilization Miss Robinson 10th Grade Social Studies

Rationale It is important for high school students’ programs to have them actively engage in gathering and interpreting information that helps them understand and respect cultures other than their own. Studying Ancient Egypt encompasses several aspects of social studies, including: Geography, Religion, Government, History, and Cultural Studies.

Objectives: The ninth grade social studies students will, after reading a chapter in their text, and participating in several class discussions, be able to achieve the following with a minimum of 90% accuracy.

hIdentify on a map the basic geographic locations pertaining to Ancient Egypt. Identify on a world map, current- day Egypt in relation to other countries. Summarize Ancient Egypt’s contributions to both old and modern-day societies.

Lower Egypt Upper Egypt Nile River EGYPT

Geography : The Nile River ∆WATER - little rainfall, irrigation canals ∆SOIL - flooding of the Nile, major crops ∆PROTECTION - from enemies with the Sinai Desert, Mediterranean Sea, and the Red Sea. ∆NATURAL RESOURCES - gold, copper, fish, reed (papyrus)

Geography continued... ∆TRANSPORTATION and TRADE - Mediterranean Sea, close to Asia and Europe ∆UPPER and LOWER EGYPT - South and North

Contributions to Later Civilizations? ‡Astronomy ‡Engineering ‡Mathematics ‡Medicine ‡Writing

Hieroglyphics  Based on an alphabet of 24 signs and symbols  painted on papyrus  Papyrus = paper  Vowels had no signs, only consonants

… Were usually written from right to left Or from top to bottom.

Mathematics #Strokes, Tallying #Clumsy but Accurate #No Zero #Geometry...

Engineering ∆Based on knowledge of mathematics - Geometry ∆Use of ramp and the triangle ∆First Ocean-going Ships?

Actual pyramid at Giza From Corbis.com

Astronomy  Our calendar with twelve months  Very advanced knowledge with few faults

365 days 12 months *only real fault was the lack of knowledge about what we call the leap year.

Medicine  World famous doctors  Mummification, preservation  Surgery, knowledge of the inner workings of the human body

Egyptians were far ahead of their time. Their knowledge of medicine and the human Body were very advanced.

QUESTION Which contribution is the most significant and why? GROUPS of FOUR ( I will assign roles)