The Scientific Revolution

Early Scientists First Sciences that developed were: First Sciences that developed were: - mathematics - mathematics - astronomy - astronomy - medicine - medicine Theory – explanation of how and why Theory – explanation of how and why something happened something happened

New View of Universe Ptolemy – ( 100 A.D.)- Egyptian astronomer Ptolemy – ( 100 A.D.)- Egyptian astronomer - stated that the sun and its planets moved around the earth in circular paths ( believed for 1400 years) - stated that the sun and its planets moved around the earth in circular paths ( believed for 1400 years) ■ Copernicus – Polish mathematician - believed the sun was at the center - believed the sun was at the center of the universe of the universe -wrote book called : -wrote book called : “On the Revolutions of the “On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres” Heavenly Spheres”

Ptolemaic Universe

Copernican Universe

Why did the revolution happen? In the 1400s, Europe’s scientific knowledge expanded because of: In the 1400s, Europe’s scientific knowledge expanded because of: - better maps and charts - better maps and charts - new technology - new technology - voyages of exploration - voyages of exploration

Revolution in Astronomy Galileo – Italian Scientist, believed that new knowledge could come through experiments Galileo – Italian Scientist, believed that new knowledge could come through experiments - Roman Catholic Church condemned - Roman Catholic Church condemned -improved telescope-found evidence -improved telescope-found evidence to support Copernicus views to support Copernicus views that earth revolved around sun

Sir Isaac Newton Brought together the ideas of Copernicus, Kepler, and Galileo to create the law of gravity. Brought together the ideas of Copernicus, Kepler, and Galileo to create the law of gravity. Wrote book called Principia Wrote book called Principia Law of gravity - the force of gravity Law of gravity - the force of gravity Holds entire solar system together

Ideas about Society Descartes – wrote a book called Discourse on Method, founder of modern rationalism Descartes – wrote a book called Discourse on Method, founder of modern rationalism -”I think therefore I am”-how do you know what is true, believed one fact; in his own existence Rationalism – belief that reason is the chief source of knowledge Rationalism – belief that reason is the chief source of knowledge

Francis Bacon developed Scientific Method developed Scientific Method Scientific method- orderly way of collecting and analyzing evidence Scientific method- orderly way of collecting and analyzing evidence Hypothesis- explanation of the facts Hypothesis- explanation of the facts

Scientific Method `