Daniel Bonilla 2/2/10 1

 Characteristics of the Atom  Particle Calculations  Applications of Elements  Periodic Table  Compounds 2

Parts  Proton (p + )  Neutron (n 0 )  Electron (e - )  Isotopes: When the Atom has a different number of Protons than Neutrons  Ion: When the Atom has a different number of Protons than Electrons Types: Cation (+), Anion (-) Neutral: No Charge 3  Formula for Average Mass: [(Isotope #)(% of Abundance)/100] +[] +[]… = X AMU

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 Z = p + = A –n 0  A = Z + n o  n 0 = A - Z  p + = A - n o  e - = p + - (charge)  Z : Atomic Number  A : Mass Number  n 0 : Neutrons  p + : Protons  e - : Electrons 5 Z Atomic Symbol Name #### Periodic Table Element Block

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 Radioactivity: when the nucleolus of an element is very big, it becomes unstable. The smaller radioactive element is lead  Radiation: Emissions of a Radioactive element 7 Types of Radiation:  Alpha(+)  Beta(-)  Gamma(Energy)

 Nuclear Fission: when a nucleus split  Nuclear Fusion: when two nucleus join  Radioactive Decay: when radiation is emitted and an element nucleus starts getting smaller  Half Life: when a radioactive element is half way through its decay  Nuclear Strong Force: is the force that holds together the particles of the nucleus of an atom Transmutation  Artificial:  Natural: 8

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