CHAPTER 1: MATTER AND CHANGE Chemistry

MATTER AND ITS PROPERTIES Notes Pages 3-4

States of Matter Solid, liquid, gas (They Might Be Giants – Solid Liquid Gas)They Might Be Giants – Solid Liquid Gas Change of state:

Properties of matter Property – an attribute or quality of a substance; used to describe a substance Physical Property Observed or measured without changing identity of a substance Describes substance itself (NOT how it changes) Examples: Color Boiling point Melting point Conductivity Density Chemical Property Relates to substance’s ability to undergo changes to become different substances Describes how a substance changes identity Examples: Ability to burn Ability to rust Does not react with…x Reacts with…x

Physical Can be observed or measured without changing identity Chemical Relates to ability of a substance to undergo change to become a new substance – its ability to react Properties of matter (review) volume conductivity mass color melting point density ability to react

Types of Change Physical Change A change in a substance that does NOT involve a change in identity Substance keeps the same composition Examples: Ripping paper Sanding wood Making a hole Shattering glass Solid ↔liquid ↔ gas (Change of state) Chemical Change (Reaction) Change in a substance in which the chemical identity DOES change One or more substances is converted into a new substance with a different composition Chemical bonds broken and/or formed Examples: Burning paper Baking soda/vinegar Burning magnesium 2Mg (s) + O 2 (g)  2MgO (s) Sodium carbonate + calcium chloride Na 2 CO 3 (aq) + CaCl 2 (aq)  2NaCl (aq) + CaCO 3 (s)

Evidence of a chemical reaction (change) 1.Energy (light/heat) 2.Color change 3.Bubbles (formation of gas) 4.Formation of a precipitate (solid from solution)