Monet, Cassatt, Rodin, and Van Gogh

 Light and atmosphere  spontaneous/capture a single moment  Outdoors  Name from insult of Journalists/Impression – Sunrise (Monet)  French movement

 Credited w/ creation of Impressionism  Did several series at various times of day  Liked controled nature (his garden – lillies, pond, bridge)  Also liked the Seine River  Later paintings have red hue/cataracts

 Only American/ woman in movement  Degas introduced her to Impressionism/ and invited her to join  Also influenced by Japanese prints  Nearly 1/3 of works have mother and child in a comfortable domestic atmosphere  Stopped in 1914/blindness

 Often show negative side to humanity  Never accepted to Ecole des Beaux-Arts  Free schooling and self taught  Very realistic forms  He considered his fragmentary sculptures the essence of his artistic vision

 Less interested in light and atmosphere  Still interested in color – use it differently though  Also not as interested in nature  Bridge between Impressionism and Modern art

 Most of work in France  Art shows objects, people, and places done in bold and distorted colors  Used rough or broken brushwork  “Tortured artist”  Over 900 paintings and 1000 drawings in 10 yrs. – 90 paintings in the 2 months before death

Debussy and Ravel

 In music, Impressionism as a title means little (time period only)  Reaction to emotion of Romantic music (kept using it/not against)  Use of symbolism  Musicians were basically Romantic composers who stretched and expanded harmony  Also explored ways to evoke emotion about ideas and give meaning to objects or imagery

 Multi-modality – using multiple keys  Planing – use of voices moving in parallel motions  Tonality – key center  Whole tone scales – no half steps - used to make music dreamy and hazy  Overall, harmony and musical forms were intentionally vague

 French  Studied 11 years at Paris Conservatory  Developed a new fluidity of form and explored unusual harmonic relationships and dissonance  Used whole-tone scale to give a new mood to his music  Embraced the symbolism of Poe and other period poets to inspire his music

 French  Born in the Pyrenees  Also attended the Paris Conservatory  Similar style to Debussy  Helped lead music away from Wagner’s Romantic style  Used outlines of classic form in his compositions  Excelled at piano pieces and orchestration