What am I?

Monarch Butterfly

What am I?

Orange

Sponge

Onion

ALL living organisms are made up of cells!!!

In and Around Cells A lesson presented by…

What is a cell? A cell is the smallest unit capable of performing life functions. The cell theory states the following: All living organisms are made up of cells. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in an organism. All cells arise from other cells.

What does a cell do? Cells take in nutrients, convert those nutrients into energy, reproduce, grow and produce proteins that are essential to life's functioning.

Cell Identification Plant Cell Animal Cell

What is inside a cell? Cells are made up of parts called organelles or “little organs”.

Cell Membrane The outer boundary of the cell that controls the movement of materials in and out of the cell. Found in both plant and animal cells.

cell membrane x

Cytoplasm The fluid within the cell that contains organelles and aids in moving things around in the cell.

cell membrane x cytoplasm

Mitochondrion Contains the energy to power the cell's activities. It changes the energy stored in food compounds into a useful form of food. Found in both plant and animal cells.

cell membrane x cytoplasm mitochondrion

Nucleus One of the larger organelles found in all cells. It is usually the shape of a sphere and contains the cell's genetic material. It is the control center of the cell. Found in both plant and animal cells.

cell membrane x cytoplasm mitochondrion nucleus

Cell Wall The tough, rigid outer covering that surrounds the cell membrane of plant cells. It protects plant cells and helps the plant keep its shape.

cell membrane x cytoplasm mitochondrion nucleus cell wall

Chloroplast Green oval-shaped structures that enable plants cells to make sugars through photosynthesis.

cell membrane x cytoplasm mitochondrion nucleus cell wall chloroplast

Vacuole A sac that absorbs water, stores proteins, ions and waste products. These organelles are large in plant cells and small in animal cells.

cell membrane x cytoplasm mitochondrion nucleus cell wall chloroplast vacuole

Ribosomes Tiny ball-like structures found in both plant and animal cells. Proteins are formed in these organelles.

cell membrane x cytoplasm mitochondrion nucleus cell wall chloroplast vacuole ribosomes

What size is a cell? Cells come in many sizes….

Looking at cells with a QX5 microscope

What shape is a cell? Cells come in many shapes...

Orchid cells skin (cheek) cells stomach cells plant root cells

Activity: Investigating Cell Shapes

Area = Side x Side Area = Length x Width Area = ½ (Base x Height) Area = π (radius 2 ) Area

Area of a Square Area = Side x Side A = S x S OR S 2 A = 10 cm x 10 cm OR 10 2 A = 100 cm 2

Activity: Investigating Cell Shapes Shape:Area of the Shape (in square centimeters): Distance Around the Shape (in centimeters): Square 100 cm 2 Rectangle Triangle Circle

Area of a Rectangle Area = Length x Width A = L x W A = 15 cm x 5 cm A = 75 cm 2

Activity: Investigating Cell Shapes Shape:Area of the Shape (in square centimeters): Distance Around the Shape (in centimeters): Square 100 cm 2 Rectangle 75 cm 2 Triangle Circle

Area of a Triangle Area = ½ (Base x Height) A = ½ (B x H) A = ½ (15 cm x 10 cm) A = ½ (150) A = 75 cm 2

Activity: Investigating Cell Shapes Shape:Area of the Shape (in square centimeters): Distance Around the Shape (in centimeters): Square 100 cm 2 Rectangle 75 cm 2 Triangle 75 cm 2 Circle

Area of a Circle Area = π (radius 2 ) A = π (r 2 ) A = π (6.5 cm) 2 A = π (42.25 cm 2 ) A = 3.14 x cm 2 A = cm 2

Activity: Investigating Cell Shapes Shape:Area of the Shape (in square centimeters): Distance Around the Shape (in centimeters): Square 100 cm2 Rectangle 75 cm2 Triangle 75 cm2 Circle cm 2

Distance Around

Activity: Investigating Cell Shapes Shape:Area of the Shape (in square centimeters): Distance Around the Shape (in centimeters): Square 100 cm 2 Rectangle 75 cm 2 Triangle 75 cm 2 Circle cm 2

Activity: Investigating Cell Shapes Shape:Area of the Shape (in square centimeters): Distance Around the Shape (in centimeters): Square 100 cm 2 40 cm Rectangle 75 cm 2 Triangle 75 cm 2 Circle cm 2

Activity: Investigating Cell Shapes Shape:Area of the Shape (in square centimeters): Distance Around the Shape (in centimeters): Square 100 cm 2 40 cm Rectangle 75 cm 2 40 cm Triangle 75 cm 2 Circle cm 2

Activity: Investigating Cell Shapes Shape:Area of the Shape (in square centimeters): Distance Around the Shape (in centimeters): Square 100 cm 2 40 cm Rectangle 75 cm 2 40 cm Triangle 75 cm 2 40 cm Circle cm 2

Activity: Investigating Cell Shapes Shape:Area of the Shape (in square centimeters): Distance Around the Shape (in centimeters): Square 100 cm 2 40 cm Rectangle 75 cm 2 40 cm Triangle 75 cm 2 40 cm Circle cm 2 40 cm

What have we learned about a circle? It is the shape that covers the largest area in relation to the distance around it. It maximizes its space!

What would be the best shape for a cell? Let’s think about the function of the cell membrane again… - the outer boundary of the cell that controls the movement of materials in and out of the cell.

So, why aren’t all cells circular in shape?

Get ready to test your Cell IQ!!!

Question 1: All living organisms are made up of cells. A. True B. False

Question 1: All living organisms are made up of cells. A. True

Question 2: According to the Cell Theory… A. All cells have cell walls. B. All cells arise from other cells. C. All cells have a nucleus.

Question 2: According to the Cell Theory… B. All cells arise from other cells.

Question 3: You can see most cells without a microscope. A. True B. False

Question 3: You can see most cells without a microscope. B. False

Question 4: Plant cells have organelles (parts) that animal cells do not. A. True B. False

Question 4: Plant cells have organelles (parts) that animal cells do not. A. True

Question 5: Which of the following choices is not a part of a cell? A. Lung B. Vacuole C. Chloroplast

Question 5: Which of the following choices is not a part of a cell? A. Lung