Enhanced Light Absorption of Solar Cells and Photo Detectors by Diffraction Michael Gaudio, Manhasset Science Research

Need Graph A: The Direct Relationship between the total solar electricity generation with total electricity consumption between 1996 to 1998.

Knowledge Base Picture A: Image of how light diffraction occurs through the wall ES/AAAKKHB0.GIF ES/AAAKKHB0.GIF

Knowledge Base Picture B: Light showing refraction through glass: Emergent Ray refracted to Incident Ray. gallery.hd.org

Knowledge Base Picture C: Light Reflection depicted through reflected rays of light at incident angles hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu

Literature Review Image A: Front Surface, n-Contact, 38 schematic in which Saleem H, Zaidi (2005) worked with.

Literature Review Image B: Solar Cell Components in which Gee, James M. (2005) worked with as an assistant to Saleem Zaidi.

Purpose The purpose of this experiment is to enhance light absorption of solar cells and photo detectors by utilizing light diffraction The Null Hypothesis is that light diffraction will not enhance the absorption of light by the solar cells The Alternate Hypothesis is that light diffraction will enhance the absorption of light by the solar cells

Methodology Enhanced Light Absorption of Solar Cells and Photodetectors by Diffraction Control- No light utilized for the process Variable- light is used Use Solar Cells for control and variable Front Surface, n-Contact, 38 Selective KOH etching to remove reactive ion etching Grating comprises wet chemical etching (RIE) Statistical Analysis- ANOVA, T-Test,

Protocols for Measurement Index of refraction N=C/V IQE measurements E ratio Image D: IQE expressed as a graph evaluating iodine and bromine

Do-Ability Yes, this method is do-able Only need solar cells, KOH (potassium hydroxide), and a light source to carry out protocol Worked with solar cells last year not to difficult method to follow

Budget Vendor Item # Object Quantity Price Frey Solar Cells 1 $10.85 Frey light source 1 $19.55 Frey KOH 1 $15.55

References “Artificial Photosynthesis: Turning Sunlight into Liquid Fuels Moves a Step Closer.” Destroit Journal. Volume 23, Issue 17, pgs Copyright Volume 23 Dragoman D, The relation between light diffraction and the fractional fourier transform. Journal of Modern Optics. Volume 45, Issue 10, pgs October “Energy information Administration”. Renewable Energy Annual Oct http: /rea_date.sumwww.eia.doe.ogv.cneaf/solar.renewables/poage /rea_date.sum htmL Kempkins H, Lapatovich. Measurements of elctrode temperature evolution by laser light reflection. Journal of Applied Physics. Volume 67, Issue 10, pgs / Copyright April Massardo, AF, Santarelli M. Carbon Energy tax (CET): Its impact on conventional energy system desing and its contribution to advanced system utilization, Journal of Physics. Volume 28, Issue 7, pgs , June Rumbles, Gary. South Dakota State Researchers Organic Photovoltaics. “Organic cells with carbon nanotubes replacing IN O:Sn s the transparent electrode. Biofromatics. Volume 88, Issue 24, pgs 90, copyright Roos R.P, Leung A.F. Theoretical Fraunhofer light diffraction patterns calculated from three- dimensional sarcomere arrays imaged from isolated cardiac cells at rest. Biophysics Journal. Volume 52, Issue 2, pgs , August Yusuf. The Theory of the boundary diffraction wave for wedge diffraction. Journal od Physics. Volume 55, Issue 9, pgs , March Zalewski, Edward F, and Jon Geist. “optics Infor Base Journal” Solar Cell Spectral Response. C haracterization 18, !979: