Source: USDOT Extreme weather

Corn NENE KSKS 173 miles Wheat ILIL IA MO 150 miles Corn Attavanich, W., B.A. McCarl, Z. Ahmedov, S.W. Fuller, and D.V. Vedenov, "Climate Change and Infrastructure: Effects of Climate Change on U.S. Grain Transport", Nature Climate Change, on line at doi: /nclimate1892, VOL 3 JULY 2013, , Changes in crop production between Chicago’s temperature will feel similar to Arkansas if emissions increase or similar to Tennessee if emissions are lowered. 80% REDUCTION IN GREENHOUSE GASES IS NEEDED BY CHICAGO TO REACH THEIR 2050 TARGET Source: CNT, Chicago’s Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Population Growth

Total square feet of food warehouse space 2010 Source:

Source: Chachula Public Health

Food deserts in Chicago by racial composition Public Health

Diesel Price History

Food Costs

Labor Market

Labor Market Average employment in agriculture declined between 2002 and 2012, and is projected to decline faster for self- employed and unpaid family workers than for wage and salary workers between 2012 and Wage and salary workers were 62 percent of average agricultural employment in 2012, and are projected to be 68 percent of average agricultural employment in

Public Investment Source: USDOT

Most folks probably think of farm subsidies when they think of the USDA. However, farm programs only account for 19 percent of total USDA outlays. The vast majority of USDA spending, 69 percent, goes to food subsidies: food stamps, school breakfast and lunch programs, and the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). In fact, spending on food stamps alone this year will account for roughly half of total USDA spending. - See more at: g/usdas-budget- boom#sthash.UxzFxrRF.dpuf Public Investment

OF ALL U.S. FREIGHT ORIGINATES, TERMINATES OR PASSES THROUGH THE CHICAGO REGION Source: CMAP OVER 1/4 VOLUME MOVEMENT BY MODE % 232 BILLION OF FREIGHT IS MOVED BY TRUCK IN THE CHICAGO REGION Source: CMAP ANNUAL VALUE OF FOOD TRUCK FREIGHT THAT ORIGINATES, TERMINATES OR PASSES THROUGH THE CHICAGO REGION Source: FAF, 2007 RAIL BARGE TRUCK

What would green freight look like? What are our options? Rail ownership, capacity issues Barge ownership, capacity, access, applicability issues Truck how most of our food now travels. What is needed to green truck freight?

Source: NAS “Jack of All Trades” truck inefficiencies

Source: NAS Available truck efficiencies OTR / Metro modal

First mile trucks Over the road truck Metro-mile tractor Last mile truck

OTR efficiencies

Source: NAS Sleeper vs. no sleeper cab

Autonomous Freight Truck Cab

2015 – 2020 New Vehicle Potential Fuel Savings Technologies Source: NAS 2010

Alternative fuels

A Refrigerated Case Here is an example of how a shipper can work with its transportation and logistics partner to devise an intermodal solution for moving perishable goods. The Challenge. Responding to market demand for its product, an ice cream manufacturer decides to increase supply and test the efficacy of moving volume across the country via refrigerated rail containers. Given the sensitive nature of its product, the cardinal challenge is maintaining a consistent temperature to prevent spoilage and shrinkage. The Solution. The shipper opts to partner with a transportation and logistics provider that possesses its own refrigerated intermodal containers, has established relationships with Class I railroads, can coordinate first-mile and final-mile truck transportation, and provide total visibility during the entire length of haul. During the move, each container is monitored by the 3PL through an installed alarm device that provides inside and outside ambient temperature, fuel level, and global positioning information. The shipments arrive on time and intact during the three-day transit from the Midwest to the West Coast. The 3PL uses its own trucks to complete the pickup and delivery at the point of arrival, while working with contracted drayage partners during the first-mile leg. Using an intermodal bridge, the shipper greatly reduces fuel use, carbon footprint, and total transport costs without sacrificing service at a minimal increase in transport time.