The Digital Journal Collection in Libraries - What Libraries Are Doing -Impact on Scientists Carol Tenopir University of Tennessee

several libraries reported over 20% spent for electronic resources. Source: ARL Statistics and Supplementary Statistics Percentages of Acquisitions Dollars Devoted to Electronic Resources

A SSOCIATION OF R ESEARCH L IBRARIES ARL Libraries Comparison of Yearly Increases in Electronic Resources and Total Materials Expenditures Average Counts  446.9% increase in dollars spent for Electronic Resources between 1992 and 2000  49.4% increase in dollars spent for Total Library Materials between 1992 and 2000 Source: ARL Statistics and Supplementary Statistics Comparison of Annual Increases in Electronic Resources & Total Materials Expenditures

Libraries are spending more on serials, but not getting more.

Average Price Per Title: Science Journals Sources: Library Journal, April 15, 2000, and April 15, 2002.

Serial & Monograph Expenditures Source: Monograph and Serial Costs in ARL Libraries. Accessed September 30, 2002.

Serial & Monograph Purchases Source: Monograph and Serial Costs in ARL Libraries. Accessed September 30, 2002.

Valued Attributes of Journals Authority (peer review) Quality (editorial) Accessibility (distribution) Longevity (archiving) Priority of discoveries and recognition (from author’s perspective)

Scholarly Publishing at the Crossroads SPARC Society Publishers Commercial Publishers BioMed Central Institutional Repositories E-Print Service Self-Archives

Three Choices 1.With Traditional Publishers 2. New Relationship with Publishers 3. Without Traditional Publishers

Two Main Models Journal Model Article Model

Core journals – browse and search by title, journal title important Peripheral journals – search by topic, read by topic not journal title

Sources of Readings Scientists appear to be reading from more journals—at least one article per year from approximately 23 journals, up from 13 in the late 1970s and 18 in the mid-1990s. % and amount of readings from separate copies use of personal subscriptions

Bibliographic Database Impact A strong, linked db leads to journal use 90% of all Medline searches are in PubMed Today, the number of PubMed searches ranges from 1/2 to over one million per day 96.5% of astronomers know and use ADS Half of them read 6 or more articles per month as a result of ADS use

Awareness of E-print Services (in percent of respondents) ArXiv.org PrePrint Other Network AAS 84.5% 4.7% u/k ORNL 49% 25% u/k UTK 8% 6% 4%

Electronic Articles Reading E-journals E-prints Other Total AAS 58.6% 18.3% 2% 78.9% ORNL 17.3% 3.6% 14% 34.9% UTK 15% ~15% 5% ~35%

Time Spent Reading by Work Field

Time Spent and Number of Articles Read

Publishing Chain Reader Author Library Consortia Indexer Vendor Publisher Editor

Publishing Chain Reader Author Library Consortia Indexer Vendor Publisher

Publishing Chain Reader Author Library Consortia Indexer Vendor

Publishing Chain Reader Author Library Consortia Indexer

Publishing Chain Reader Author Library Consortia

Publishing Chain Reader Author Library

Publishing Chain Reader Author

Multiple Co-existing Alternatives Print journals E-journals with many links Articles databases (aggregators) E-print servers Authors’ web sites Institutional repositories