Ooze, Flubber & Quicksand By Sheryl Hoffmann Laboratory Manger Concordia College

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Presentation transcript:

Ooze, Flubber & Quicksand By Sheryl Hoffmann Laboratory Manger Concordia College

How do you define what a liquid is ?

Take a cup of water & a pop stick.  Stir the water.  Stir it fast & stir it slowly.  Poke it fast & poke it slowly.  Try to heap it up on one side. Activity 1 - Water

1.Take a plastic cup & add 3 rounded teaspoons of cornflour. 2.Add water slowly, mixing, until you get a smooth but very thick paste.  Stir it fast & stir it slowly.  Poke it fast & poke it slowly.  Try to heap it up on one side.  Try rolling it into a ball. Activity 2 - Ooze

Does the ooze behave in the same way as the water? Is the ooze a liquid or a solid?

Water is a Newtonian Fluid

Ooze, Flubber & Quicksand are all Non-Newtonian Fluids

‘THE’ Apple Tree

 A Newtonian fluid (named after Isaac Newton) is a fluid whose stress versus strain rate curve is linear and passes through the origin. The constant of proportionality is known as the viscosity. [Wikipedia] Newtonian Fluids

A fluid that has a constant viscosity at all shear rates at a constant temperature and pressure, and can be described by a one-parameter rheological model. An equation describing a Newtonian fluid is given below. Newtonian Fluids

Basically: The viscosity of a Newtonian fluid, depends only on the temperature and pressure, not on the forces acting upon it. Newtonian Fluids

Examples:  Water, sugar solutions, glycerine, silicone oils, light-hydrocarbon oils, air and other gases.  ie Most low molecular weight substances, solutions and gases Newtonian Fluids

A non-Newtonian fluid is a fluid whose flow properties differ in any way from those of Newtonian fluids. Most commonly the viscosity (resistance to deformation or other forces) is dependant on shear rate or shear rate history. [Wikipedia] Non-Newtonian Fluids

Basically:  They aren't solids, yet they don't follow Newton's definition of fluids either!  A fluid is called non-Newtonian if its viscosity depends on the force that is applied to it. Non-Newtonian Fluids

Examples:  ketchup, toothpaste, starch suspensions, sand in water, paint, clays, cream and shampoo. Non-Newtonian Fluids

1.Shear Thickening 2.Shear Thinning 3.Thixotropic 4.Rheopectic 4 Main Types

 Also called Bingham plastic  Apparent viscosity increases with increased stress  The surface of a Bingham plastic can hold peaks when it is still. Shear Thickening

 Also called pseudoplastic  Apparent viscosity decreases with increased stress.  Ex paint: one wants the paint to flow readily off the brush when it is being applied to the surface being painted, but not to drip excessively. Shear Thinning

Viscosity decreases with stress over time Example: Honey – keep stirring, and solid honey becomes liquid Thixotropic

Viscosity increases with stress over time Example: Cream – the longer you whip it the thicker it gets Rheopectic

Quicksand forms when water saturates an area of loose sand and the sand is agitated. When the water trapped in the sand cannot escape, it creates liquefied soil that cannot support weight. [Wikipedia] Quicksand

There are two ways in which sand can become agitated enough to create quicksand:  Earthquakes  Flowing underground water Quicksand

Objects in the liquefied sand sink to the level at which the weight of the object is equal to the weight of the displaced sand/water mix and the object floats due to its buoyancy. You won’t drown

 Don’t panic  Don’t thrash around  Quicksand is twice a dense as water therefore it is more easy to float in than water  Use slow movements  Spread arms & legs & float How to get out of quicksand

 Wikipedia  How Stuff Works: th/geology/quicksand1.htm th/geology/quicksand1.htm  Chhabra, R P, Non-Newtonian Fluids: An Introduction  Science Learning Stories/Strange-Liquids/Non-Newtonian-fluids Stories/Strange-Liquids/Non-Newtonian-fluids References

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Creative Commons This copyright work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Australia licence. To view a copy of this licence, visit In essence, you are free to copy, communicate and adapt the work for non-commercial purposes, as long as you attribute the work to Sheryl Hoffmann and abide by the other licence terms. Contact information: Sheryl Hoffmann Phone: Fax: Creative Commons

Christchurch Earthquake Clip Catalyst Thursday, 24 May

1. Slime 2. Flubber 3. Super Ball Activity 3