Physical Properties of Matter TEK 5.5 A – Students will classify matter based on physical properties…

Matter Matter is any living or non-living thing in the universe All objects, things, plants, people, animals, etc are made up of matter Anything that has mass and occupies space is matter – even the air you breathe is matter What matter can you observe in the picture above?

Properties Properties are characteristics used to describe something. Properties can be used to help identify a substance. For example, hair color, eye color, height, weight, finger print patterns, etc are all properties that can be used to describe or identify YOU! What is one property that could help identify you?

Properties of Matter Physical properties of matter are used to observe and describe matter. They can be observed or measured without changing the composition or the make-up of matter. How does the rose smell, feel? What color is the rose?

Physical Properties Include: Appearance Mass Magnetism Relative Density Solubility Color Odor State of Matter Ability to conduct or insulate

Observations Some physical properties are easily observed. Others require a tool for measurement such as mass or temperature.

Mass Mass is the amount of matter in an object. Mass is similar to weight, but they are not the same thing. To measure the mass of an object, you can use a balance scale. Mass can be measured in grams or kilograms.

Magnetism Magnetism is a physical property that can be tested by using a magnet If an object is attracted (can be picked up) by a magnet, then it has magnetism Only a few metals are magnetic – iron, nickel, and cobalt, and mixtures of those metals have magnetism

Ice - solid State of Matter State of Matter is also a physical property that can be used to describe matter. There are 3 states of matter that you need to be familiar with: Solid Liquid Gas Water - liquid Evaporated water - gas

Relative Density Relative density is a physical property which can be used to describe whether an object will sink or float in water. If the object is more dense than water, it will sink. If the object is less dense than water, it will float.

Solubility Solubility refers to the ability of a substance to be dissolved in another. We will look at solubility in water – How much of a substance can be dissolved in water? Solubility depends on the amount of the substance and the temperature of the water. Kool-Aid powder is soluble in water because it fully dissolves in water.

Solubility Warm water will allow some substances to dissolve more readily. Salt will dissolve in room temperature water, but dissolves faster in warmer water. Once dissolved, the salt is invisible, but if you taste the water, you will know it is still there!

Conduct or Insulate? Some objects allow thermal energy or electrical energy to flow through them easily. Others do not. The ability to conduct heat (thermal energy) or electricity is a physical property which can be tested.

Conductors Conductors allow electricity or heat to flow through them easily. Metal materials such as copper, iron, or steel are all good conductors. A metal spoon left in a heating pan will become very hot! This is because metals are great conductors.

Insulators Insulators are materials that do not readily allow electricity or heat to flow through them. Because heat does not easily travel through these materials, they can be used to keep hot things hot, or cold things cold. Rubber, wood, plastic and glass are all insulators.

Review Describe some physical properties of one of the objects shown. Which physical properties would you need a tool to observe?

Quick Assessment A recycling company collects cans. Some of the cans are made of aluminum and others are made of iron. Which physical property could be used to separate the cans? A. Odor B. Ability to conduct or insulate C. Solubility D. Magnetism 2. Which of the following is not a physical property? A. Conductor B. Yellow C. Water D. Magnetic