Chemistry 151 Energy (from an elementary school perspective)

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Presentation transcript:

Chemistry 151 Energy (from an elementary school perspective)

Types of Energy

Vibrational Energy Activities Exploration of Sound Waves Students will learn the concepts of vibrations and sound energy by seeing how different materials vibrate and the noises they make. Students will build a xylophone. Courtney McIntosh ‘13 Cullen McDonnell ‘16

Laws of Thermodynamics

1 st Law (Conservation of Energy) Energy cannot be created or destroyed.

Laws of Thermodynamics 1 st Law (Conservation of Energy) Energy cannot be created or destroyed. Energy can be transformed.

Energy Transformations

Students will perform several activities to learn about the properties of static electricity Lauren Harris ‘13

Jacob Laser ‘17 Energy Transduction Activity Hero’s Engine

Exothermic vs. Endothermic Rxns Some chemical reactions release heat, whereas others absorb heat. Hot pack vs. cold pack reaction.

Laws of Thermodynamics 2 nd Law: Energy transformations cannot be 100% efficient. Waste heat is inevitable.

Laws of Thermodynamics 2 nd Law: Energy transformations cannot be 100% efficient. Waste heat is inevitable. Heat flows from a warm body to a colder one.

Laws of Thermodynamics

2012 Energy Activity Insulation Race Students use different materials to make a insulating box for an ice cube. Students rank the various insulators and discuss the reasons for this trend. Lauren Harris ‘13

2014 Energy Activity Alex Bishop ‘16

Simple Machines Machines make work easier to perform in one or more ways: –transferring a force from one place to another –changing the direction of a force –increasing the magnitude of a force –increasing the distance or speed of a force

Simple Machines

Light energy Light is a form of energy that travels through space like a wave and is characterized by its wavelength.

Light energy Light is a form of energy that travels through space like a wave and is characterized by its wavelength.

Oxidation-Reduction Reactions A type of chemical reaction involving transfer of electrons from one substance to another. Often release energy. Substance that loses electrons is oxidized Substance that gains electrons is reduced

Batteries A device that converts stored energy within bonds to electricity (a flow of electrons) through a redox reaction. The anode is oxidized The cathode is reduced Electrons flow from the anode to the cathode.

Batteries

2014 Energy Activity Fruit Battery Caleb Harris ‘15

Energy and chemical reactions Molecules must collide with a certain minimum energy (the energy of activation) to react.

Increasing Reaction Rates Strategy 1: increase the temperature

Increasing Reaction Rates Strategy 2: add a catalyst Catalyst Demo

Increasing Reaction Rates Strategy 3: increase concentration of reactants

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