What are we going to learn…  Soil-Why is it important? Why is it important?  What is soil?  Sand, Silt and Clay  What’s a soil profile?  Horizons?

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
The Nature of Soil Chapter 7, Section 2.
Advertisements

SOIL.
Weathering and Soil Formation
Chapter 2: Weathering & Soil.
Unit 1 Lesson 5 Soil Formation
Weathering and Soil Formation
How do soils form? Processes. 4 basic processes in the soil ADDITIONS LOSSES TRANSLOCATIONS TRANSFORMATIONS (MOVEMENT WITHIN THE SOIL) (ONE COMPONENT.
 Definition – mixture of mineral particles, eroded rock, water, air, organic matter and living organisms  Gravel – larger than 2 mm  Sand – 0.05 to.
Soil Composition – What Dirt is Made of
SOIL SOL 3.1 & 3.7 Soil provides support and nutrients for plant growth.
Soil provides… nutrients for plant growth. Soil comes from: Rocks Minerals Decaying Organic Matter.
Soils Information By: Becky McGuire. Soil A. outer layer of earth’s crust, renewable natural resource that supports life --takes 1000 years for 1 inch.
Rocks, Weathering, and Soil Information
Soil.
The Nature of Soil Essential Question:
A5: Soil Composition Grade 6.
Chapter 7- Weathering, Erosion and Soil
Table of Contents Rocks and Weathering How Soil Forms
Chapter 6 Weathering and Soil
Section 3: Soil Preview Key Ideas Soil Soil Characteristics
Weathering and Soil Formation
Weathering and Soil Erosion
Welcome to Science 11/21/11 Open your book to page 255 and get your notes out for Ch. 10. Today’s Schedule 1. Review Sections 1 & 2 2. Question of the.
Soils.
Soil, an Essential Natural Resource
Chemical Weathering - Rocks and Weathering
Write briefly about a truly scientific observation you made over the break. I will only call on 3 of you to share.
SOILS & SOIL TYPES. What is soil? Soil is one of the basic resources we need to survive – like air and water. the surface layer of the Earth that contains.
Soil Formation and Composition
Earth’s Changing Surface
The Ground Beneath Our Feet
SOIL NCES: 6.E.2.3 & 2.4 Kim Lachler Updated 11/11/14.
Soil Formation and Composition EQ: How do you scientifically describe soil? How is soil formed?
Soils 2015 is the Year of Soil Soils 2015 is the Year of Soil.
Processes that Shape the Earth
The Nature of soil. Dirt is what you find under your fingernails. Soil is what you find under your feet. Think of soil as a thin living skin that covers.
Soil Formation.
Soil Formation and Composition Biotic (living) Abiotic (nonliving) 1. Make a table and list 5 examples of each.
How Soil Forms WEATHERING AND SOIL. Soil is the loose, weathered material on Earth’s surface in which plants can grow. WHAT IS SOIL?
Are these examples of weathering, erosion, or both?  1. Ice breaking rock  2. Wind breaking away and moving rock  3. A river moving sediment  4. Tree.
Soil Formation and Composition
All About Soil All About Soil 4.7A.
SOIL SOL 3.1 & 3.7 Soil provides support and nutrients for plant growth.
Weathering and Soil Formation. What is weathering?
Weathering and Soil Formation Soil Composition:  Soil is a mixture of four materials:  Weathered rock particles (Main ingredient) (Main ingredient)
*VOCABULARY WORDS ARE IN RED*
Table of Contents Rocks and Weathering How Soil Forms
Soil! Video Notes #6. What are we going to learn… Soil-Why is it important? What is soil? Sand, Silt and Clay What’s a soil profile? Horizons? Not all.
Soil.
Weatheringand Soil Formation. Rocks and Weathering.
Soil Formation and Composition.  I. Soil Formation –A. When bedrock is exposed, it weathers. –B. Particles of rock mix with other material. –C. Soil.
SOIL Unit 2 Environmental Science Mrs. Fleming Soil provides support and nutrients for plant growth.
WEATHERING AND SOIL CH 9 8 TH GRADE. 9.1 ROCKS AND WEATHERING WHAT BREAKS DOWN ROCKS? IT’S A HARD ROCK LIFE EROSION PT 1 EROSION PT 2 EROSION VS WEATHERING.
Soil.
The Nature of soil.
SOIL.
The Nature of Soil Essential Question:
SOIL Describe how soil forms. Explain the characteristics of soil.
Soil.
The Nature of Soil Essential Question:
Weathering Test Date: 2/26/16.
SOIL SOL 3.1 & 3.7.
SOIL.
How do soils form? Processes 5.1 Introduction to soil systems
The Nature of Soil Essential Question:
Soil.
Weathering and Soil Information
SOL 3.1 & 3.7.
SOL 3.1 & 3.7.
SOL 3.7 A Source from Rockingham County Public Schools
Presentation transcript:

What are we going to learn…  Soil-Why is it important? Why is it important?  What is soil?  Sand, Silt and Clay  What’s a soil profile?  Horizons?  Not all soil is brown  Running out of dirt!

So what is Soil? Soil is a mixture of rock and mineral particles and organic matter. Soil covers the earth in a thin layer and it is very important in plant growth. Watch the video from my blog after this slide

Why should I care about soil? Soil is the #1 support for plants Soil anchors the plants roots so that they don’t fall over Soil is a superstore of nutrients For a plant to grow it needs 16 elements! (13 come from the soil!) Moisture for the plants is stored in the soil Animals depend indirectly on soil since they eat plants and other animals that eat plants.

Soil Formation The weathering of rocks on the Earth’s surface results in the formation of soil. Soil is formed when rocks are continuously broken down by weathering. As rocks weather, they break into smaller pieces. These pieces are broken down into even smaller pieces to form soil.

4 Basic Processes in the Formation of Soil ADDITIONS LOSSES TRANSLOCATIONS TRANSFORMATIONS (MOVEMENT WITHIN THE SOIL) (ONE COMPONENT CHANGES TO ANOTHER)

ADDITIONS Rain adds WATER. Dust adds MINERALS. Animal waste add ORGANIC MATTER and NUTRIENTS. Humans add FERTILIZER.

LOSSES WATER evaporates into the air. Soil particles WASH AWAY in storms. ORGANIC MATTER may compose into carbon dioxide. NUTRIENTS and MINERALS leach into groundwater or are taken up by plants.

TRANSLOCATIONS MOVEMENT WITHIN THE SOIL GRAVITY pull WATER down from top to bottom. EVAPORATING WATER draws minerals up from bottom to top ORGANISMS carry materials in every direction.

TRANSFORMATIONS Dead leaves decompose into HUMUS. Hard rock WEATHERS into soft clay Oxygen REACTS with iron, “oxidizing” the soil into a reddish color. (ONE COMPONENT CHANGES TO ANOTHER)

The older a soil gets, the more different it looks from its parent material. Soil is always changing – minerals, water, air, organic matter and organisms – always change. Looks Change With Age

There are five components of soil: 1. Rock 2. Sand 3. Silt 4. Clay 5. Humus

Rock Rock is solid and made of minerals

Sand Sand is tiny grains of worn down rock. It doesn’t hold water or have many nutrients.

Silt Silt is very small, broken pieces of rock. It is larger than clay, but smaller than sand. It is powdery when dry. Sand Silt Clay (smaller particles)(larger particles)

CLAY Clay holds water well. It is sticky and can be shaped when it is wet. But, it is very hard when dry. Clay has many nutrients. Clay is used for adobe or brick houses.

Humus Humus is made of leaves, twigs, small animals, or other decayed substances. Humus adds many nutrients to the soil. Humus is in the topsoil.

United States Department of Agriculture Soils are very different, depending on how they form

Different Compositions of Soil The composition of soil varies from place to place. The type of rock broken down by weathering determines the kinds of minerals in the soil. The type of weathering also affects the composition of soil. Mechanical weathering produces soil with a composition similar to the rock being weathered. Chemical weathering produces soil with a different composition.

Pore Spaces Air and water fill the spaces between soil particles. These are called pore spaces. Plants and animals use the water and air in these spaces, as well as the minerals dissolved in water. Pore spaces provide needed oxygen for healthy plant root growth.

Soil Texture The type of weathering also affects soil texture. Texture refers to the size of the individual soil particles. Soil particles vary from very small to large. Both mechanical and chemical weathering first breaks rocks into gravel (2-64mm) and then in sand (less than 2mm) and finally into silt.

Soil Horizons As soil forms, it develops separate soil layers called horizons. Each soil horizon is different. A cross section of the soil horizons is called soil profile. A soil profile shows the different layers of soil. Soil that has developed three layers is called mature soil. It takes thousands of years and the proper conditions for soil to develop three layers.

What is a Soil Profile? A Soil Profile is a vertical cross-section of layers of soil found in a given area. Below are two examples of soil profiles.

What is a Soil Horizon? Soil horizons are the layers in a soil profile used to classify soil types. Horizons based on color, texture, roots, structure, rock fragments, and any unique characteristic worth noting. Master Soil Horizons are depicted by a capital letter in the order (from top down): O, A, E, B, C, and R