Unit 2 Fit for Life

Grammar and usage Linking verbs

What is a linking verb? A linking verb is a word used to connect the subject of a sentence to further information about the state which the subject is in.

Point out the linking verbs. 1. I am Tom. 2. Surfing the Internet is really interesting. 3. We are now in need of English teachers. 4. The question is how to solve the problem. 5. What we want to know is who will give us the lecture next Monday. 6. Your suggestion sounds reasonable. 7. It seems that everyone here knows him quite well. 8. Milk goes bad easily in summer if you do not put it in the fridge.

连系动词（即系动词）用于连接主语和 表语，说明主语的状态、性质、特征或 身份。 常见的系动词是 be, 它的变化形式为： am 、 is 、 are ( 现在时 ) 和 was 、 were ( 过去时 ) 。 除了 be 动词之外还有一些系 动词，他们大致可分为四类：

1. 表示 “ 似乎 ”, 如： appear, seem She appears / seems all right. They appear / seem in favour of the Internet. He appears / seems to be very friendly with us. They appear / seem to have misunderstood me. It appears / seems that she will win. It appears / seems to me that you are all mistaken.

试比较： He seems (to be) forty. He appears (to be) forty. 他似乎四十岁了。（说话人有一定根据） 他看上去四十岁。（从外表上看）

2. 表示 “ 感觉 ”, 如 : look, sound, feel, taste, smell  That sounds wonderful, but some people claim that the Internet is a waste of time.  If you always eat fast food, vegetables may not taste delicious to you.

 It feels good to sit in front of the TV after a hard day’s work.  When he got up on stage, he looked a little nervous.  The air often smells bad in Internet cafes.

3. 表示 “ 变化 ”, 如 : become, come, get, grow, turn, fall, go  Leaves turn green in spring.  The boy will go mad if you don’t allow him to use the computer.  Your son has grown much taller.  He gets easily excited when playing computer games.  She fell asleep the moment she got into bed.

4. 表示其他含义, 如 : keep, remain, stay, stand, prove  The Internet proved of great value to us during our project.  You shouldn’t keep quiet in a debate.  People stayed silent and listened to us, and applauded at the end.  For these reasons, I believe the Internet remains a positive tool that helps make our lives better.

Translation the sentences into English. 1. 那个老人似乎耳聋了。 2. 他显得很健康。 3. 她感觉不到足够的安全。 4. 这个混合物很难闻。 5. 现在我的梦想已经变成了现实。 The old man seems deaf. He appears quite well. She didn't feel safe enough. The mixture smelled terrible. Now my dream has come true.

6. 詹姆斯一年年地长高了。 7. 你必须保持身体健康。 8. 今天的乡村音乐还是与从前一个样。 James grew taller year by year. You must keep healthy. Country music today remains much the same as before.

使用连系动词时应当注意以下几个问题： （一）除 be 以外的连系动词在用法上与 be 有 点不同，有 be 动词的句子变为疑问句或否定 句时，直接前提或加 not 。 He is in the classroom. Is he in the classroom? He is not in the classroom.

而其他连系动词变疑问句或否定句时与实义 动词相同。 The language spoken in these places stayed the same. →Did the language spoken in these places stay the same? →The language spoken in these places didn't stay the same.

（二 ） A: 一般来讲，连系动词之后用形容 词作表语可表示主语的性质、特征，这时 用 “ 怎么样 ” 提问。如： The book is interesting. interesting 是形容词，表示主语 book 的性 质，对表语进行提问可以说： How is the book?

B: 名词作表语表示主语的身份, 回答 “ 什 么 ” 的问题。如 : He is a teacher. teacher 是名词, 它表示主语的身份, 对表 语进行提问可以说： What is he?

C: 副词、数词、代词、介词短语、分词、 动名词都可以作表语，分别表示不同的含 义。如： The professor is at home. at home 为介词短语 The computer is mine. mine 为代词 Five and six is eleven. eleven 为数词 He is out. out 为副词

My job is looking after the children. looking... 为动名词短语 The film is moving. moving 为分词

1. His voice ____ as if he has a cold. A. sounds B. listens C. hears D. seems 2. These apples taste _____. A. to he good B. to be well C. well D. good Exercise D A

3. — Do you like the shirt? — Yes, it ____ very soft. A. feels B. felt C. is feeling D. is felt 4. She____ like her mother in character. A. looks B. seems C. is D. feels A A

5. His wish to become a driver has ____ true. A. turned B. realized C. come D. grown 6. The moment Mr. Zhang went to bed, he ____ asleep. A. kept B. got C. fell D. fall C C

7. He ____ much younger than he really is. A. appears B. grows C. becomes D. turns 8.The flowers in the garden ____ sweet. A. appears B. taste C. become D. smell A D

9. Three-quarters of the land ______ covered with green grass while the rest ______ covered with pine trees. A. is ； is B. is ； are C. are ； is D. are ； are A

10. Three million tons of coal _____ in this district every year. A. is exploited B. are exploited C. has exploited D. have exploited B

11. I don' t want _______ like I' m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfair. A. to sound B. to be sounded C. sounding D. to have sounded A

12. The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _______ as the plane was making a landing. A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating C

13. I haven’t seen Mary these past few days. I’m afraid she ______ herself for some time. A. isn’t feeling B. hasn’t been feeling C. hadn’t been feeling D. wasn’t feeling B

14. What he said caused us _______. A. to feel frightening B. feel frightened C. feeling frighten D. to feel frightened D

15. We don’t care if a hunting dog smells _______, but we really don’t want him to smell _______. A. well; well B. bad; bad C. well; badly D. badly; bad D