Atomic Structure Models

Dalton’s Atomic Model Solid sphere Evidence: Conservation of matter Law of definite composition Law of multiple proportions

+ Thomson Plum Pudding Based on the discovery of the electron Evidence Cathode Ray Experiment Deflection by magnetic fields and electric fields Charge to mass ratio of electrons Big Charge Little mass Atoms are composed of electrons and something positive

Rutherford Nuclear Model Evidence – Gold Foil Experiment Most Some Few Mostly Empty Space Dense Positively Charged Central Portion Electrons outside the nucleus Nucleus and Empty Space

Bohr Orbits Energy Levels Evidence Flame tests, neon lights, LED, fluorecent Emission Spectrums Wave and Particle Properties of Light Energy transitions absorption and release of light

1s 1 orbital

1s 2 orbital

1s 2 2s 1

1s 2 2s 2

1s 2 2s 2 2p x 1

1s 2 2s 2 2p x 1 2p y 1

1s 2 2s 2 2p x 1 2p y 1 2p z 1

1s 2 2s 2 2p x 2 2p y 1 2p z 1

1s 2 2s 2 2p x 2 2p y 2 2p z 1

1s 2 2s 2 2p x 2 2p y 2 2p z 2

1s 2 2s 2 2p x 2 2p y 2 2p z 2 3s 1

1s 2 2s 2 2p x 2 2p y 2 2p z 2 3s 2 Quantum, Orbitals,Wave Mechanical Model Flame tests, Neon Lights, LED,fluorescence Wave and Particle Properties Orbitals – Energy Levels Orbital – size, shape orientation Probability regions of space Electron Configurations Predict shapes of molecules Predict chemical behavior – chemical bonding