Laboratory Equipment for Physical Science PS-1.2 Use appropriate laboratory apparatuses, technology, and techniques safely and accurately when conducting a scientific investigation.

Equipment to measure mass Triple beam balance Point out sliders; a balance balances two masses. A spring scale measures force. Equipment to measure mass

Instruments to measure volume Graduated Cylinders Always measure to the center of the meniscus. Use the smallest cylinder appropriate; look at meniscus at eye level Instruments to measure volume

Equipment to measure volume Droppers If the amount doesn’t have to be very accurate we can use a dropper. For example, when you only need a “few drops” of a liquid. Equipment to measure volume

Equipment to measure volume Beakers Equipment to measure volume

Equipment to measure volume Erlenmeyer Flasks Equipment to measure volume

Equipment to measure volume Florence Flasks Equipment to measure volume

Equipment used to hold and/or heat substances Test tubes Equipment used to hold and/or heat substances

Test Tube Brush Used to clean the inside of test tubes Larger versions of these brushes are used to clean flasks.

Test Tube Racks Test tube racks are used to hold test tubes upright when in use (place them in the holes) and give them a place to dry out (upside down on the pegs) when you are done.

Hot plate Hot plates are also used to heat substances in the laboratory. It works like a burner on your electric stove.

Bunsen Burner Bunsen burners are used to heat things in the laboratory. They use an open flame. The fuel source is gas. Good place to review fire safety.

Flint Striker used to light a Bunsen burner

Wire Gauze The ceramic center of the pad helps to protect glassware from high heat.

Beaker Tongs Used to move hot beakers. Rubber coating protects the glassware.

Test Tube Tongs Used for handling hot test tubes Always point the open end of the test tube away from you and others.

Alcohol Thermometer Used to measure temperature (⁰C)

Forceps (not tweezers!) We can separate largish pieces in a mixture by picking them out with forceps.

Funnels Funnels along with filters are useful with separating smaller particles from liquids. Funnels are also helpful when pouring liquids into containers with small openings.

Filter Paper Filter paper folded inside a funnel can help to separate very small particles from a liquid.

Scoopulas and Spatulas Are useful when we have to remove a small amount of chemical from a jar or other sample in order to find its mass or add it to our experiment. Tell students that returning chemicals to the original container could contaminate the whole jar. Many pure chemicals are very expensive. Take out only what you think you will need.

Glass Stirring Rod Used to stir a solution