© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 1 of 43 The Mole: A Measurement of Matter You could measure the amount of sand in a sand sculpture by counting.

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Presentation transcript:

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 1 of 43 The Mole: A Measurement of Matter You could measure the amount of sand in a sand sculpture by counting each grain of sand, but it would be much easier to weigh the sand. You’ll discover how chemists measure the amount of a substance using a unit called a mole, which relates the number of particles to the mass. 10.1

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall The Mole: A Measurement of Matter > Slide 2 of 43 Measuring Matter What are three methods for measuring the amount of something? 10.1

Slide 3 of 43 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall The Mole: A Measurement of Matter > Measuring Matter You often measure the amount of something by one of three different methods—by count, by mass, and by volume. 10.1

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall The Mole: A Measurement of Matter > Slide 4 of 43 What is a Mole? What Is a Mole? How is Avogadro’s number related to a mole of any substance? 10.1

Slide 5 of 43 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall The Mole: A Measurement of Matter > What is a Mole? A mole of any substance contains Avogadro’s number of representative particles, or 6.02  representative particles mole = 6.02 x RP

Slide 6 of 43 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall The Mole: A Measurement of Matter > What is a Mole? 10.1

Slide 7 of 43 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall The Mole: A Measurement of Matter > What is a Mole? Converting Number of Particles to Moles 10.1

Slide 8 of 43 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall The Mole: A Measurement of Matter > What is a Mole? Converting Number of Particles to Moles 10.1 How many moles are in each of the following: x atoms Al

Slide 9 of 43 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall The Mole: A Measurement of Matter > What is a Mole? Converting Number of Particles to Moles x molecules of CO 2

Slide 10 of 43 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall The Mole: A Measurement of Matter > What is a Mole? Converting Number of Particles to Moles x formula units ZnCl 2

Slide 11 of 43 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall The Mole: A Measurement of Matter > What is a Mole? Converting Number of Particles to Moles x atoms Fe

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall SAMPLE PROBLEM Slide 12 of

Slide 13 of 43 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall The Mole: A Measurement of Matter > What is a Mole? Converting Moles to Number of Particles 10.1 X unit of unknown = given x Conversion Factor conversion factor= 1 mole = 6.02 x Representative particles

Slide 14 of 43 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall The Mole: A Measurement of Matter > What is a Mole? Converting Moles to Number of Particles Determine the number of atoms in 2.50 mol Zn.

Slide 15 of 43 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall The Mole: A Measurement of Matter > What is a Mole? Converting Moles to Number of Particles Given 3.25 mol of AgNO 3, determine the number of formula units.

Slide 16 of 43 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall The Mole: A Measurement of Matter > What is a Mole? Converting Moles to Number of Particles Calculate the number of molecules in 11.5 mol H 2 O

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall The Mole: A Measurement of Matter > Slide 17 of 43 The Mass of a Mole of an Element How is the atomic mass of an element related to the molar mass of an element? 10.1

Slide 18 of 43 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall The Mole: A Measurement of Matter > The Mass of a Mole of an Element The atomic mass of an element is numerically equal to the molar mass of an element. 10.1

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall The Mole: A Measurement of Matter > Slide 19 of 43 The Mass of a Mole of a Compound How is the mass of a mole of a compound calculated? 10.1

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 20 of 43 The Mole: A Measurement of Matter > The Mass of a Mole of a Compound To calculate the molar mass of a compound, find the number of grams of each element in one mole of the compound. Then add the masses of the elements in the compound. 10.1

Slide 21 of 43 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall The Mole: A Measurement of Matter > The Mass of a Mole of a Compound Substitute the unit grams for atomic mass units. Thus 1 mol of SO 3 has a mass of 80.1 g. 10.1

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall SAMPLE PROBLEM Slide 22 of

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall SAMPLE PROBLEM Slide 23 of

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall SAMPLE PROBLEM Slide 24 of

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall SAMPLE PROBLEM Slide 25 of

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 26 of 43 Practice Problems for Sample Problem 10.4 Problem Solving 10.7 Solve Problem 7 with the help of an interactive guided tutorial.

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 27 of 43 Section Quiz -or- Continue to: Launch: Assess students’ understanding of the concepts in Section 10.1 Section Quiz

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 28 of Section Quiz. 1. Three common ways of measuring the amount of something are by count, by mass, and a.by temperature. b.by volume. c.by area. d.by density.

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 29 of Section Quiz. 2. A mole of hydrogen gas, H 2 (g), contains 6.02 x a.molecules. b.atoms. c.amu. d.grams.

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 30 of Section Quiz. 3. The atomic mass of fluorine is 19.0 amu, so the molar mass is a.19.0 amu. b.19.0 g. c.6.02 x amu. d.6.02 x g.

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 31 of Section Quiz. 4. Calculate the molar mass of ammonium nitrate. a g b g c g d g

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