A & P Ch. 7, Part 2 Notes. I. Vertebral Column A.Extends from the skull to the pelvis; forms the vertical axis of skeleton B.Vertebrae are separated by.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Structure and Function on the Skeletal System.
Advertisements

Part B Slides 1 to 137 Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.
The Skeleton.
Structure of the Skeletal System.
Bony Thorax.
The Skeletal System.
The Human Skeleton Sport Books Publisher.
Vertebral Column/Thoracic Cage
Classification of Bones
On Page 84 draw and Label the parts of the
The Skeletal System: Appendicular Skeleton
Appendicular Skeleton
HUMAN ANATOMY The Appendicular Skeleton Ch. 8.
Skeletal System Part B.
IB Sport, Exercise and Health Science
The Axial Skeleton Access Human Biology. Clare Hargreaves-Norris.
Chapter 8: The Appendicular Skeleton
THE BONES OF THE APPENDICULAR SKELETON
Appendicular Skeleton
Structure of the Skeleton
Pelvic Girdle and Lower Limbs
The Skeletal System: The Appendicular Skeleton
The Skeleton. The Head Cranium – Also known as the skull. Protects the brain. Mandible – Jaw bone, holds the teeth in place. Works with the upper mouth.
The Skeletal System.
The Appendicular Skeleton. THE SKELETAL SYSTEM The Appendicular Skeleton 2 pairs of limbs and 2 girdles Pectoral (shoulder) girdle attaches upper limbs.
Skeletal System.
7 th Grade Health Skeletal 2b. Bones of the Chest  Ribs-12 Pair  The first 7 are true Ribs  False Ribs – Cartilage (8th, 9th and 10th)  Floating Ribs.
Chapter 7 Notes Structure of the Skeleton. Skeletal tissue forms bones. Bones are organized or grouped to form major subdivisions. Coordination of bones.
b Functions of Bone Support and Protection shape and form underlying tissue protection.
N P SPORTS MEDICINE.
Skeletal Notes - Part 5.
Health Occupations Skeletal System – Unit 2. Spinal Column Made up of 26 bones, divided into 5 parts Function –Protect spinal cord –Provide support for.
The Appendicular Skeleton Slide 5.32a Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings.
 The appendicular skeleton is made up of the bones of the limbs and their supporting elements (girdles) that connect them to the trunk  126 bones 
Chapter 7 Skeletal Organization. Number of Bones Average number of bones is 206 – People may have varying numbers of bones Ex – sutural bones, sesamoid.
BMS 231: 2015/2016 Skeletal system Lecturer Dr Aqeela Bano.
 Appendicular Skeleton. The Pectoral (Shoulder) Girdle  Composed of 2 bones  Clavicle – collarbone  Scapula – shoulder blade  These bones allow the.
NOTES part 4 : Skeletal Organization, continued (Ch 7)
Skeletal System.
Skeleton Test.
Chapter 7 Skeletal System: Appendicular Skeleton
Chapter 5 The Skeletal System Provides an internal framework for the body, protects organs by enclosure, and anchors skeletal muscles so that muscle contractions.
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings The Skeletal System.
The Skeletal System: The Appendicular Skeleton. I. Introduction A. The appendicular skeleton includes the bones of the upper and lower extremities and.
Appendicular Skeleton
SKELETAL SYSTEM VERTEBRAL COLUMN. The vertebral column (spinal column or backbone) is made of individual bones called vertebrae. The names of vertebrae.
P1 – Describe the Structure & Function of the Skeletal System Unit 1 – Principles of Anatomy & Physiology in Sport.
HUMAN ANATOMY The Appendicular Skeleton Ch. 8.
Skull video  8E914B07DED08.
The Skeletal System. The Appendicular Skeleton  Limbs (appendages)  Pectoral girdle  Pelvic girdle.
Chapter 5 The Skeletal System Appendicular Skeleton.
BMS 231: 2015/2016 Skeletal system Dr Sobia Ikram Dr Aqeela Bano.
Skeletal Organization 7.5 p. 205 – p Basics 206 bones in human body Made up of 2 parts: – Axial Skeleton – Appendicular Skeleton.
Skeletal System. The skeletal system is made up of 206 bones. When you were born you had over 300 bones. As you grew, some of these bones began to fuse.
Bones of the Skeleton. 2 Divisions: 28. Axial Skeleton A. Purpose – protect vital organs and hold body upright B. Includes - skull, vertebral columns,
Skeletal System Part III
The Skeletal System.
The Skeletal System.
The Skeletal System.
APPENDICULAR SKELETON
Chapter 7E Skeletal System
It is the center part of the skeleton
The Skeletal System.
Appendicular Skeleton
Ch 5 Part 2 The Appendicular Skeleton
The Skeletal System The Appendicular Skeleton
A & P Ch. 7, Part 2 Notes.
The Skeletal System This ppt: 20 slides Total A + B: 42 slides.
Presentation transcript:

A & P Ch. 7, Part 2 Notes

I. Vertebral Column A.Extends from the skull to the pelvis; forms the vertical axis of skeleton B.Vertebrae are separated by intervertebral discs. C. Protects the spinal cord D.Sacrum formed by five fused vertebrae E.Coccyx formed by four fused vertebrae F. Four curvatures: thoracic, pelvic, cervical, and lumbar

G. Typical Vertebra 1. Body of a vertebra forms thick, anterior portion of bone 2.Intervertebral discs are fastened to upper and lower surfaces of the vertebral bodies; cushion and soften forces caused by walking and jumping movements 3. Intervertebral foramina provide passageways for spinal nerves

H. Vertebral curves 1.There are 7 cervical vertebrae; atlas is the 1 st cervical vertebra & supports the head; axis is the 2nd cervical vertebra; as the head turns side to side, the atlas pivots around a process that projects upward (dens) 2.12 thoracic vertebrae; articulate with ribs; bodies adapted to bear increasing loads of body weight 3.5 lumbar vertebrae; located in the small of the back; bodies are larger and stronger than the superior vertebrae 4.Sacrum is triangular & forms posterior wall of the pelvis; foramina provide passageways for nerves and blood vessels; Coccyx is lowest part of vertebral column; sitting presses on coccyx & it moves forward, acting like a shock absorber

II. Thoracic cage A.Includes the ribs, thoracic vertebrae, the sternum, & costal cartilages that attach ribs to sternum; supports shoulder girdle & upper limb & protects internal organs B.Usually 24 ribs; true ribs are 1st 7 pairs; false ribs are last 5 pairs; floating ribs are last 2 pairs of false ribs; costal cartilages attached to anterior ends of a rib C.Sternum located along the midline in anterior of thoracic cage; 3 parts of sternum are manubrium, body, & xiphoid process (xiphoid process projects downward, manubrium articulates w/ clavicles, manubrium & body articulate w/ ribs)

III. Pectoral girdle A.Consists of 2 clavicles & 2 scapulae; supports upper limbs & is an attachment for muscles that move the arm B.Clavicles run between sternum & shoulders C.Scapula (shoulder blades) are shaped like triangles & located in posterior part of girdle; connects to humerus & clavicle

IV. Upper limb A.Form framework for arm, forearm, wrist & hand; humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, & phalanges B.Humerus extends from scapula to elbow; largest bone of arm; provides attachment for many muscles C.Radius located on thumb side of the forearm; extends from elbow to wrist & crosses over ulna when hand is turned so that palm faces backward D. Ulna forms hinge joint w/humerus; on medial side of forearm; proximal end is commonly called elbow

V. Wrist & hand A.Wrist is at junction of forearm and hand; bones called carpals; anterior surface of is concave for passage of tendons & nerves into palms B.Hand composed of palm & 5 fingers; metacarpals form framework of palm; distal metacarpals form knuckles of clenched fist; metacarpal of thumb is numbered 1 C.Finger bones are phalanges; each finger has 3 phalanges & thumb has 2 phalanges

VI. Pelvic girdle A.Formed by the sacrum, coccyx, and pelvic girdle (2 coxae- hipbones); supports trunk of body; provides attachments for lower limbs & protects urinary bladder, distal end of large intestine, & internal reproductive organs; body’s weight transmitted through pelvic girdle to lower limbs, then onto ground B.Coxae also called hipbones; three parts: an ilium, an ischium, & a pubis C. Differences Between Male and Female Pelvis Female iliac bones more flared & smaller; female hips usually wider; angle of female pubic arch may be greater than male; female pelvic cavity usually wider; female pelvis is lighter and less evidence of muscle attachments

VII. Lower limb A.Thigh, leg, ankle, & foot (femur, tibia, fibula, patella, tarsals, metatarsals, & phalanges) B.Femur extends from hip to knee; provide attachments for muscles and ligaments C.Patella is sesamoid bone located in a tendon over knee D. Shinbone is the tibia; located on medial side E.Fibula is on lateral side of tibia F.Ankle & foot consist of a tarsus, a metatarsus, & phalanges; heads at distal ends of metatarsals form ball of foot; arch of the foot formed by arrangements of tarsals & metatarsals; bones of toes called phalanges; toes have 3 phalanges except big toe because it lacks middle phalynx

VIII. Life span changes A.Decrease in height begins at about age 30. B.As calcium levels fall, bones become brittle & prone to fracture. C.Gradually, osteoclasts come to outnumber osteoblasts. D.By age 35 all adults start to lose bone mass. E.Most common fractures in elderly are vertebral compression fractures, hip fractures, wrist fractures, leg fractures, & pelvis fractures J. Preserving skeletal health may involve avoiding falls, taking calcium supplements, getting enough vitamin D, avoiding carbonated beverages, & getting regular exercise.