School of Education Technology, Beijing Normal University Research on the Organization Model of Ubiquitous Learning Resource Shengquan Yu ——The Concept and Architecture of Leaning Cell Oct, 2011,Beijing

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Research Questions

Progresses of Learning Resource Sharing Technologies Reusable Learning Unit SCORM Learning objects IMS LD Learning activities Share of learning content Engineering methods and standards for learning content sharing share of education strategies and learning designs More aggregation ： form single resource to highly aggregated and complex resources Extending sharing scope ： from learning content to learning process and strategies Technology upgrades ： from static learning resources to learning tools & dynamic human wisdom sharing Future path?  How to share generative information during learning process  How to evolve learning content to adapt to all personalized demands?  How to share social cognition network as well as resources?  How to share interactive learning tools?  How to implement content aggregation based semantic technology?  How to relate learning processes?

Ubiquitous Learning On demand: Anytime, Anywhere, Mobile… But more: Social Situated Context awareness Adaptive

Learning Resource Needed in Ubiquitous Learning Anything about everything Adaptive: learning needs & all kinds of devices Collective intelligences Evolutive resources Situated Knowledge: help learner solve real similar problems

Deficiencies of Current Learning Technologies Born in Web1.0 era Only supports one-way information communication More focus on formal learning, less on informal learning

Deficiencies of Current Learning Technologies Emphasize learning resources and activities sharing in a close structure – Ignores the continuous updating of learning resources – Ignores dynamic and generative connection of learning resources – Ignores building up dynamic relationships between learners and teachers with learning resources

Proposal of Learning Cell The organizational model and key technologies of u-Learning resource This research try to proposal a new kind of learning source organizing model—— Learn Cell

The Concept and Architecture of Leaning Cell

The Concept of ”Learning Cell” The meaning of “cell” – Component: learning cells can compose higher-level learning resources – Origin : learning cells grow from small to big, from weak to strong – Nerve cell: unite to get intelligence Units that can reunite dynamically standard Component Growing resources Absorb collective intelligence & wisdom Origin Network according to semantic relation Intelligence, communication ability Nerve cell

Learning Cell Generative Connectivity Micro-granularity Evolvable Cohesive Intelligent Social Open, communicates with other resources Adaptive to multiple end-devices and platforms

Knowledg e ontology practice content assessmen t activit ies Generative information Metadata, aggregation model Multiple format Service interface Learning cells stored in cloud-computing environment Co-editing, Learning activities, Communication service, Test & Assessment Editing records Usage records Learning community Assessment records Activity records Generative information

The Ubiquitous Learning Process based on Learning Cell

Runtime Environment Architecture Learning Cell Repository Content Storage Call Back to Learning cell Connecting Recording Learning Interactive Learning Tools & KNS Learning Portfolio Edit tools Create Aggregate to Course Learning Environment Inquire & Learn

(1)Integrating Learning Activity into Learning Content Learning Content Learning Activity

(2) Emphasize the connections between resources and users

(3) Open APIs to link external learning ecosystem Opensocial

(4) Make learning resources evolve orderly Learning Resource is Not Presetting, But Generating!

the Growth of Knowledge Using semantic technology to represent, inquiry and reasoning knowledge

Resource organization based on knowledge ontology

(5) Adaptive Different Cloudy Terminals

(6) Dynamic Display Structure Electronic Books Display Web Pages Display Templates center 3D Display Inquire Type Presentation Type Intractive Type

(7) Aggregation Model Different from tree structure of learning objects’ aggregation model, the aggregation model of “learning cell” is a dynamic network From resource organization to knowledge organization; From linear tree-form structure to network structure

(8) Semantic Navigation Visual tag navigator

Domain resource aggregation based Semantic Technology

Learning pattern – Learning by reading/ learning by listening/ learning by watching ( 接受中学 ) – Learning by doing/ acting （做中学） – Learning by connecting （联系中学） – Learning by re-organizing （重构中学） – Learning Comparing （同题异解，在比较中学） – Learning by reflection （反思中学） – Learning by communicating （交流中学） – Learning by teaching （教中学） – Learning by creating （创造中学）

Summary  Learning cell……  Extends shareable learning resources in space dimension  Extends shareable learning resources in time dimension  Adopts semantic aggregation mode, integrating content provided by different learners according to certain knowledge structure, which is a more practical resource sharing and co-editing mode.  Utilizing cloud-computing and SOA technologies, making the platform highly open and extensible; On one hand, learning cells that are deposited in distributed devices and systems can be shared; on the other hand, it supports plug-in tools, providing multiple content and functions. Projects – CETV: “New Media Learning Supermarket” – Higher Education Press: ”Knowledge Community” – NSFC : Learning Resource Design and Sharing in Ubiquitous Learning Environment

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