CHAPTER 17 QUIZ You have 20 minutes to complete the quiz. DO YOUR OWN WORK. Pick up a Chapter 18 Reading Packet after you have handed in your quiz. Packets on front table.

NOVA – The First Primates http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W_X5ciqtbG0

AGENDA April 1 Big Question: How are different organisms classified? QUIZ 1. Question of the Day and DO NOW 2. 18-1 Order in Diversity 3. 18-1 Guided Reading Questions 4. Review and Homework STUDY YOUR NOTES!!!

Question of the Day Apr 1 Simply by reading its name, you know that the organism Rhizopus nigricans is A. a plant B. an animal C. in the Genus Rhizopus D. in the Genus nigricans

DO NOW Apr 2 Develop a system to classify teachers at PTHS. You must have at least 5 different identifiers (factors) to classify teachers.

DO NOW ANSWERED Apr 2 Share your answers. 3 Volunteers write your factors on the boards. Are they logical systems of identification?

AGENDA April 2 Big Question: How are different organisms classified? 1. Question of the Day and DO NOW 2. 18-1 Order in Diversity 3. 18-1 Guided Reading Questions 4. Review and Homework STUDY YOUR NOTES!!!

Chapter 18: Classification

18-1: Order in Diversity Huge diversity of life Must be a way to classify them Taxonomy – scientific classification of organisms with universally accepted names. What is the name of this animal? Cougar, panther, mountain lion, puma  All are acceptable.

Scientific Names Puma concolor Binomial Nomenclature Developed by Carolus Linnaeus Two-part scientific name Names are Italicized First letter-first word capitalized Second word is lower-case Ursus maritimus (GENUS) species name

Linnaeus’s System of Classification King KINGDOM Philip PHYLUM Came CLASS Over ORDER From FAMILY Great GENUS Spain SPECIES

DO NOW Apr 3 Develop a system to classify teachers at PTHS. You must have at least 5 different identifiers (factors) to classify teachers.

DO NOW – Possible ANSWER 1. Department – Science, History, Math 2. Subject Taught – Biology, Physics, Chemistry 3. Classroom – 417, 410, 407 4. Gender of Teacher – Male or Female 5. Physical Traits - Hairstyle

AGENDA April 3 Big Question: How are different organisms classified? 1. Question of the Day and DO NOW 2. 18-2/18-3 3. Chapter 18 HW Check 4. Review and Homework STUDY YOUR NOTES!!!

18-2 Modern Evo Classification Linnaeus grouped species visible similarities and differences. Evolutionary classification based upon evo history. Phylogeny – grouping of organisms through lines of evolutionary descent. Descent with modification may physically appear similar very different morphologically and physiologically.

Cladograms Derived characteristics appear in recent parts of lineage. Used to construct cladograms. Show evolutionary relationships Mini-LAB Page 453 Draw a cladogram Hint: Begin with a trait that only one organism is missing

Shared Common Traits DNA and RNA Genes  Human and yeast genes both code for MYOSIN DNA Evidence  Very different looking organisms have similar mechanisms American vulture closer to Stork than African vulture Molecular clocks uses DNA comparisons to estimate time that two species have evolved independently.

Question of the DAY Apr 4 In phylogeny, what is the name given to a group of organisms and all of its common ancestors and descendants? A. Cladogram B. Clade C. Food web D. Energy pyramid

Question of the Day A clade is a grouping that includes a common ancestor and all the descendants (living and extinct) of that ancestor. Imagine clipping a single branch off the phylogeny — all of the organisms on that pruned branch make up a clade.

AGENDA April 4 Big Question: How are different organisms classified? 1. Finish Chapter 18 2. Study Guides Chapter 17/18 Test on MONDAY April 7 3. Review and Homework STUDY for TEST.

18-3 Kingdoms and Domains Five Kingdoms  SIX Kingdoms Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia THREE-Domain System 1. Eukarya 2. Bacteria 3. Archaea

Three Domains 1. BACTERIA 2. ARCHAEA 3. EUKARYA Unicellular and prokaryotic Cell walls contain peptidoglycan Very diverse survival mechanisms 2. ARCHAEA Unicellular and prokaryotic bacteria Extreme environments, most are anaerobic Unique lipids in cell walls 3. EUKARYA Eukaryotic Kingdom Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia

Domain Eukarya PROTISTA Eukaryotic Not classified as animals, plants, or fungi characteristics of all three displayed Members have greatest variety Most unicellular Photosynthetic or Heterotrophic

Domain Eukarya FUNGI Heterotrophs Multicellular – Mushrooms Feed on dead/decaying matter Secret digestive enzymes Absorb smaller food molecules Multicellular – Mushrooms Unicellular - Yeast

Domain Eukarya PLANTAE Multicellular Photosynthetic Nonmotile Cell walls contain cellulose Cone-bearing and Flowering Mosses and ferns

Domain Eukarya ANIMALIA Multicellular Heterotrophic No cell walls Have motility